丹江口水库水滨带植物群落空间分布及环境解释  

Spatial distribution of plant communities and environmental interpretation in the riparian zone of Danjiangkou Reservoir

作　　者：刘瑞雪[1,2] 陈龙清[1] 史志华[3] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院,深圳518060 [3]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第4期1208-1216,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC06B03)

摘　　要：探讨了环境因素对丹江口水库(南水北调中线水源地)水滨带植物群落空间分布的影响。通过对水滨带植物群落和环境因素的实地调查,用双向指示种分析(TWINSPAN)对201个水滨带植物群落进行分类;结合地形、土壤和水文因素用除趋势典范对应分析法(DCCA)分析环境因素对水滨带植物群落的影响;并对环境因素的解释能力进行定量分离。结果表明:(1)水滨带植物群落包括7种类型,分别是萹蓄群落、苘麻群落、细叶水芹+狗牙根群落、狗牙根群落、响叶杨-狗牙根群落、杜梨-白刺花-狗牙根群落和侧柏-牡荆-三穗苔草群落;(2)海拔和水淹影响对水滨带植物群落空间分布具有主导作用。海拔升高,水淹影响减弱,植物群落呈现由草本植物群落向木本植物群落变化的格局;(3)土壤因素的解释能力大于地形因素,水文因素的解释能力最小。各类环境因素之间存在交互作用,地形、水文和土壤因素三者间的交互作用最大,地形和土壤因素之间的交互作用最小。环境因素共解释水滨带植物群落空间分布的21.99%,未解释部分为78.01%。结果证明环境对植被的解释能力是由植被的复杂程度决定的,植被越复杂,环境的解释能力越低。Riparian vegetation performs important ecological functions in protecting water quality, stabilizing the bank, maintaining habitats connectivity and enhancing local biodiversity. Yet, riparian vegetation has been degraded severely throughout the world mainly due to anthropogenic disturbances. This study focused on the riparian vegetation communities and the impact of environmental factors on spatial distribution of plant communities in the riparian zone of Danjiangkou Reservoir, the water source for the Middle-Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project. Field survey was carried out from April to May, 2011. The 201 plant communities were investigated. And three topographic factors （elevation, slope and aspect）, eight soil factors （ soil thickness, soil texture, soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, and available phosphorus ）, and two hydrological factors （flooding duration and flooding frequency ） were measured. On the basis of the investigation of riparian plant communities and environmental factors, the 201 plant communities were classified into different community types by means of Two Way Indicator Species Analysis （TWINSPAN） ; the impact of environmental factors on riparian plant communities were analyzed by using Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis （DCCA） combined with topographic, hydrologic and soil factors. And the explanatory power of environmental factors on the riparian plant community was quantitatively partitioned. The results showed that （ 1 ） the riparian plant communities were classified into seven types of Polygonum aviculare community, Abutilon theophrasti community, Oenanthe dielsii var. stenophylla ＋ Cynodon dactylon community, Cynodon dactylon community, Populus adenopoda-Cynodon dactylon community, Pyrus betulifolia-Sophora davidii-Cynodon dactylon community and Platycladus orientalis-Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia-Carex tristachya community; （2） the results of DCCA indicated that riparian vegetation and

关 键 词：水滨带 植物群落 空间分布 环境解释 丹江口水库 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]