急诊眼外伤致伤原因及致盲因素分析  

Analysis of causes and blinding factors of emergency ocular trauma

作　　者：胡宗莉 蒋善明 魏欣[2] 马骁潇 康洁[1] 曹昕[2] 于晓甜 陈晓明[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西临床医学院,四川省成都市610041 [2]四川大学华西医院眼科中心,四川省成都市610041

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2015年第2期136-140,共5页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81270993;81200687);国家重大科学设备项目(编号:2012YQ12008005);四川省科技技术支持计划(编号:2013FZ0055)~~

摘　　要：目的分析急诊眼外伤患者的致伤原因及致盲因素,提出防治措施。方法对我科2013年2月至2014年1月期间收治的急诊眼外伤患者资料进行描述及分析。结果所有819例(829眼)患者中,687例为男性,占83.88%,男∶女=5.20∶1;年龄为(34.82±18.20)岁;不同眼外伤类别中,688眼为开放性眼外伤,开放性眼外伤∶闭合性眼外伤=4.88∶1。所有致伤因素中,金属类占42.49%(348例),其次为植物类(94例)、爆炸物(82例)。将患者按入院视力是否≥0.05进行分组,在两组间差异具有统计学意义的相关因素有受伤环境、眼外伤类型及分类、是否合并眼部并发症,以及是否及时就诊;进行Logistic回归分析后发现这5个因素均为独立影响因素,其中眼外伤类型的回归系数为1.697。将受伤眼按照治疗后视力有无提升进行分组,在两组间差异具有统计学意义的相关因素为年龄、是否合并眼部并发症、致伤物类别、眼外伤类型及分类、治疗是否及时,进行Logistic回归分析后,具有意义的独立因素包括年龄、是否合并眼部并发症、眼外伤类型、治疗是否及时,其中治疗是否及时的回归系数为-0.957。结论眼外伤以中老年男性常见,类型以开放性眼外伤最多。金属是主要致伤因素。工作中受伤、开放性眼外伤、发生眼部并发症、延迟就诊与视力丧失相关,且开放性眼外伤为最重要因素。而年龄大、发生眼部并发症、开放性眼外伤、延迟治疗与视力无法提升有关。Objective To analyze the causes and blinding factors of emergency ocular trauma and raise prevention measures. Method Emergency ocular trauma were enrolled from February, 2013 to January, 2014 in Ophthalmology Center of West China Hospital. The general and medical information were summarized and analyzed. Results Of all the 819 patients （829 eyes）, 687 cases were male, and male. female was 5.20 ： 1. The age was （34.82 ＋ 18.20） years old. 688 eyes were open globe injuries, and open：closed ocular trauma was 4.93 ： 1. In 348 cases （42.49%） ,the traumatic cau- ses were metals, and 94 cases were botanic, 82 were explosives. Divided by vision after trauma,significant differences were found between two groups in injury environment, ocular trauma type, eye complications and time taken to hospital. After Logistic analy- sis, these four factors were significant and the coefficient for trauma type was - 1. 067. All injured eyes were divided into two groups by vision improvement, significant differ- ences were found between two groups in age, eye complications, injury causes, ocular trauma type and intervention time. After I^gistic analysis, age, eye complications, trau- ma type and intervention time were significant and the coefficient for trauma type was - 0.968. Conclusion Ocular trauma is the most common in middle-aged and older males, and most of them are open globe injuries. Metal is the main cause of eye injuries. Injury in working,open globe injury, eye complications and delayed occurrence to hos- pitai are closely related to vision loss. While advanced age, eye complications, open globe injury and delayed intervention are factors leading to no improvement in vision.

关 键 词：眼外伤 急诊 致伤原因 致盲因素 

分 类 号：R473.77[医药卫生—护理学]