鄂尔多斯乌兰木伦遗址石制品拼合研究及其对遗址成因的指示意义  

A Study of Refitted Lithic Artifacts from the Wulanmulun Site in Ordos, Inner Mongolia and Its Significance for Studying the Site's Formation

作　　者：刘扬[1] 侯亚梅[2] 杨泽蒙 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学历史文化学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室、中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [3]鄂尔多斯市文物考古研究院,鄂尔多斯017200

出　　处：《人类学学报》2015年第1期41-54,共14页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05130203);国家自然科学基金项目(41272033,41171007);国家社会科学基金青年项目(14CKG001);国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1210008);中国科学院古生物化石、发掘与修理专项项目;鄂尔多斯市政府专项基金的共同资助

摘　　要：乌兰木伦遗址是继上世纪20年代发现萨拉乌苏和水洞沟遗址以来,在鄂尔多斯高原时隔近90年新发现的重要旧石器遗址。自2010年发现以来,该遗址已进行了5个年度的连续性发掘,发现了丰富的石制品、动物化石以及用火遗迹等。光释光和碳14年代测定表明古人类在该遗址活动的时间为距今5~6.5万年。本文对乌兰木伦遗址1号地点2010-2012年发掘出土的11934件石制品进行拼合研究,辨别出28个拼合组,含64件石制品,拼合率约为0.53%;其拼合形式可分为拼对（conjoin）和拼接（join）两种类型。石制品拼合组空间分布等相关信息显示,乌兰木伦旧石器时代中期遗址为原地埋藏。The Wulanmulun site, found in 2010, is the first important new Paleolithic site discovered in the Ordos Plateau since the 1920s when Salawusu （Sjara-osso-gol） and Shuidonggou （Choei-Tong -Keou） sites were discovered. After several excavations during 2010-2012, more than 13,000 stone artifacts and 15,000 mammalian fossils were discovered. Research involving multiple disciplines has been carried out and interesting results can be anticipated very soon. A recently dating result for the （Personal communication with Zhang Jiafu）. site is 65-50 ka BP by OSL and 14C-AMS As part of the program, this paper reports on the refitting analysis of stone artifacts from different archaeological layers of the site, and what this implies for understanding the formation processes of the site. Among 11934 pieces of stone artifacts from the excavations of 2010-2012, 28 refitted groups have so far been identified from the 8 layers at the site, involving 64 stone artifacts, including 4 cores, 9 flakes, 49 broken flakes, 1 chunk, and 1 retouched flake from layers 6-8. This indicates a refitting success of 0.53% of the entire lithic assemblage. The raw materials of the refitted lithics were mostly colored quartzite （53）, with fewer pieces of white quartz （4）, grey-white flint （4） and red-white sandstone（3）. Except for layer 7, examples of refitting occurred in each cultural layer. Most were from layer 2 with 16 groups of 35 pieces of stone artifacts. Four groups with 9 pieces were from layer 5, three groups with 6 pieces were from layer 4, two groups with 4 stone artifacts were from layers 3 and 8, and one group with 6 pieces were from layer 6. Two approaches were applied in the present study to studying different patterns of refitting. One is the pattern of conjoin, which indicates refitting relationships between cores and flakes （including modified flakes, debris and chunks）, and between flakes and flakes （including debris and chunks）. These conjoins mainly reflect activities involving the specimens

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯 乌兰木伦遗址 石制品拼合 遗址成因 旧石器时代中期 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]