全水发泡聚氨酯/Al(OH)_3阻燃硬质泡沫的研究  

Study on Polyurethane/Al(OH)_3 Rigid Foams Synthesized by Water-Blown Methods

作　　者：刘源[1] 吴博[1] 胡泽宇[1] 雷景新[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学高分子研究所,高分子材料工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《塑料工业》2015年第2期89-93,共5页China Plastics Industry

摘　　要：以微米级氢氧化铝（ATH）作为阻燃剂,采用“一步法全水发泡”工艺成功地制备了高性能聚氨酯硬质泡沫复合材料.采用万能材料试验机、邵氏硬度计、氧指数测量仪、动态热机械分析（DMA）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热失重分析（TGA）等研究了不同ATH添加量对聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）的力学、阻燃、热稳定及阻尼性能和材料结构的影响.结果表明,在ATH添加量高达168 phr时,聚氨酯能很好地发泡并保持良好的泡孔结构,PUF/ATH力学性能最佳,压缩强度和邵氏C硬度分别为0.37 MPa和72.5;极限氧指数（LOI）可达35.4％;且阻尼性能也较为优异,（tanδ）max=0.892 7,有效阻尼温度（tanδ＞0.3）：68.47～93.51℃.Flame-retardant polyurethane rigid foams filled with AI（OH）3 （PUF/ATH） were successfully fabricated by one-step water-blown methods. The effect of different contents of ATH on the structure and mechanical properties, flame retardance, thermal stability and damping property of PUF were studied by universal material tester, Shore hardness tester, dynamic mechanical analysis （DMA） , scanning electron microscopy （ SEM）, and thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） tests. The results indicated under high ATH loading of 168 phr, the polyurethane still foamed well and developed intact cells; obtained PUF/ATH exhibited the best mechanical performance ; the compression strength and shore hardness could reach 0. 37 Mpa and 72. 5 （shore C）, respectively; the limit oxygen index was 35.4% ; the maximal value of damping peak was optimum （tanδ）max =0. 892 7, and temperature range （tanδ〉0. 3） was from 68.47 to 93.51℃.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 硬质泡沫 氢氧化铝 阻燃 阻尼 性能 

分 类 号：TQ328.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]