塑性煤与脆性煤破坏过程的声发射演化特征试验研究  

Test Study on Acoustic Emission Evolution Characteristics in Failure Process of Plastic and Brittle Coal

作　　者：杨慧明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]瓦斯灾害监控与应急技术国家重点实验室,重庆400037 [2]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400037

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2015年第1期9-12,共4页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB724206);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK04B01)

摘　　要：在单轴压缩条件下,进行了塑性煤与脆性煤试件破坏过程声发射监测试验,研究两类煤破坏过程的声发射演化特征。试验结果表明:煤体破坏失稳过程中的声发射与煤体中的裂纹萌生、扩展、贯通等活动相对应,煤体的声发射演化特征与其破坏特征密切相关。塑性煤破坏过程的声发射事件率呈现"上升—峰值—下降"的演化规律;声发射事件率出现急速增大之后的稳步下降是煤体主破裂面即将贯通、煤体破坏失稳的前兆。脆性煤破坏过程的声发射事件率呈现"上升—峰值"的演化规律,声发射"下降"段不明显。研究结果可为煤体稳定性监测的声发射参数演化的解译、灾变判识准则的建立提供理论基础。Under the condition of uniaxial compression,monitoring test of acoustic emission was carried out in the failure process of both plastic and brittle coal specimen and study was made on the evolution characteristics of acoustic emission in their failure process. The test results showed that the acoustic emission in the failure and destabilizing process of coal corresponded with the process of crack initiation,extension and interconnection in the coal,and the evolution characteristics of acoustic emission of coal were closely related to its failure characteristics. The acoustic emission event rate in the failure process of the plastic coal presented an evolution regularity of ＂up- peak- down＂; the steady decrease of the acoustic emission event rate after its rapid increase was the precursor of the main fracture surface connection and the failure and destabilization of coal. The acoustic emission event rate of the brittle coal presented an evolution regularity of ＂up-peak＂and the ＂down＂stage of acoustic emission was not obvious. The study results can provide a theoretical basis for the explanations of the acoustic emission parameter evolution in coal stability monitoring and the establishment of identification criteria for catastrophe.

关 键 词：塑性煤 脆性煤 破坏 声发射 演化特征 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]