沙埕港多种环境介质中重金属的含量分布及来源分析  

Concentration distribution and sources analysis of heavy metals in multi-environmental mediums of Shacheng Port

作　　者：王颢[1] 刘炜[2] 许珠华[1] 王丽莎[3] 樊立静[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省海洋环境与渔业资源监测中心,福建福州350003 [2]国家海洋局宁德海洋环境监测中心站,福建宁德352100 [3]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2015年第1期80-86,共7页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(200805065);福建省海洋污染治理专项基金资助项目(闽海渔2013174)

摘　　要：通过2013年8月对福建沙埕港海域海水、沉积物及贝类体内重金属进行的调查,结合历史资料对重金属的含量分布及来源进行了讨论和分析.结果表明:沙埕港表层海水中Cu、Cd、Hg和As等溶解态重金属含量整体处于较低水平,但Pb含量在大部分海域略超海水水质一类标准.沉积物中Pb、Cd、Hg和As含量均低于海洋沉积物一类标准,而Cu在上段八尺门海域及中段罗唇溪入海口附近存在超标现象.地积累指数评价表明Pb和Cd处于无污染状态,而Cu、Hg和As 3种重金属在不同区域存在轻微污染.港内八尺门点头镇附近海域采集的2种贝类均存在不同程度的重金属污染.其中缢蛏(Sinonovacula constrzcta)体内重金属污染较轻,而褶牡蛎(Ostrea plicatula)体内重金属污染较重,Cu和Cd污染指数均在10以上.浙闽沿岸流是沙埕港Pb、Cd、Hg和As等重金属的主要来源,而白琳石材加工排放的污水是造成沙埕港上段八尺门浅滩区重金属Cu污染的主要原因.此外,中段罗唇溪入海口附近海域Cu、Pb和Cd含量较高,可能同罗唇港修造船厂的污染排放有关.Based on historical data and the survey carried in August in Shacheng Port in 2013,the distributions and sources of heavy metal in seawater,sediment and shellfish were discussed and analyzed. Results showed that the concentration of dissolved Cu,Cd,Hg and As in surface layer of seawater were relatively low except that Pb exceeded the sea water quality standard（ Class 1） in most areas. The concentration of Pb,Cd,Hg and As in marine sediments were relatively low except that Cu exceeded the marine sediment quality（ Class 1） in Bachimen entrance and Luochun inlet. Assessment used index of geo-accumulation showed that different parts of sea areas were slight contaminated by Cu,Hg and As. Two shellfishes retrieved from intertidal zone near Diantou Town were contaminated variously. The contamination was low in Sinonovacula constrzcta but high in Ostrea plicatula,which the pollution index of Cu and Cd exceeded 10. Fujian-Zhejiang coastal current was the main source of most heavy metals to Shacheng Port. However,sewage discharged from Bailin stone processing enterprises resulted Cu pollution at Bachimen shoal in the upper reach of the port. Moreover,sewage discharged from Luochun shipyard was probably the source of Cu,Pb and Cd pollutions in Luochun inlet.

关 键 词：海洋化学 沙埕港 重金属 海水 沉积物 地积累指数 浙闽沿岸流 

分 类 号：X834[环境科学与工程—环境工程]