生长环境对地瓜藤叶表皮烷烃含量及组成的影响  

The Response of Wax n-Alkanes in Ficus tikoua Leaf to Growing Environments

作　　者：和玉吉 郭娜[1] 高建花 张震[1] 刘明秀[1] 郭彦军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农业与生物技术学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《草地学报》2015年第1期114-119,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31270450)资助

摘　　要：在重庆市缙云山、金佛山、歌乐山按不同海拔采集地瓜藤（Ficus tikoua）叶片,经氯仿浸提后采用柱层析技术分离正烷烃,并采用色谱技术分析其组分及含量,旨在分析地瓜藤叶表皮蜡质及其组成对生长环境的响应,为合理利用地被植物提供理论依据.结果表明：地瓜藤叶表皮蜡质中主要正烷烃为C18～C33,优势峰为C31和C29,不因环境差异而发生改变;短链烷烃相对含量随海拔的升高而减少,长链奇数烷烃的相对含量随海拔的升高而增加,具有明显的奇偶优势.相关性分析结果表明年均温与碳优势指数、总平均碳链长度及中长链烷烃相对含量nC25 33成显著负相关关系,与中链烷烃相对含量nC21-24成显著正相关关系.聚类分析结果表明6个地瓜藤样品可分为2类：采自海拔低于550 m的缙云山低海拔、歌乐山低海拔和歌乐山高海拔的地瓜藤聚为一类;采自海拔高于770 m的缙云山高海拔、金佛山低海拔和金佛山高海拔的地瓜藤聚为一类.说明地瓜藤可通过调节叶表皮蜡质正烷烃的合成,适应不同海拔生长环境.Ficus tikoua is an important medicine herb and ground cover plant. The leaves of F. tikoua were sampled from three areas of Chongqing, Mountain Jinyun, Mountain Jinfo and Mountain Gele. At each area, there were two sampling regions set by altitudes （high altitude and low altitude） with three sampling sites at each sampling region. The alkanes of sampled leaves were extracted in chloroform and analyzed using GC technology. The results showed that the n-alkanes of F. tikoua leaves ranged from C18 to C33; and the most abundant alkanes were C31 and C29 showing no variation among sampling areas and altitudes. The relative contents of short n-alkanes in F. tikoua at low altitude were higher than that at high altitude. The relative contents of long odd n-alkanes increased with altitude increasing, showing significant odd-even predominance. Correlation analyses indicated that the annual average temperature was positively correlated with carbon preference index, total average chain length and the relative content of nC25-33, while negatively correlated with the relative content of nC21-24. Cluster analyses showed that the samples from six regions were divided into two groups, one included the samples collected from the altitudes of lower than 580 m, and another included the samples from the altitudes of higher than 770 m. The results suggested that growing environments influenced the constituents of n-alkanes in F. tikoua and the relative contents of epicuticular n-alkanes could be used to classify F. tikoua. It also implied that F. tikoua could adapt to different growing environments by regulating the syntheses of leaf wax n-alkanes.

关 键 词：正烷烃 生长环境 平均碳链长度 碳优势指数 地瓜藤 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]