多环芳烃菲和芘对互花米草生长和生理特征的影响  

Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(Phenanthrene and pyrene)on the Growth and Physiological Cheracteristics of Spartina atterniflora

作　　者：刘静[1] 周美利[1] 张楠[1] 陈国平[1] 赵瑞瑞[1] 高鑫 石福臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071 [2]天津市野生动植物保护管理站,天津300074

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期14-20,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1103503);国家科技部基础专项(2011FY110300);天津市野生资源植物调查项目

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验研究了不同浓度菲（0~800mg·kg^-1）和芘（0~800mg·kg^-1）混合处理下,互花米草的生物量、株高、分蘖数、电解质外渗率、丙二醛、可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量的变化.结果表明：互花米草对较低浓度的菲和芘具有很好的耐受力和抵抗力,但在高浓度胁迫下受到一定的毒害.低浓度菲（10~100 mg·kg^-1）和芘（10~100mg·kg^-1）处理能够增加互花米草地上部的生物量,但对根部生物量影响不显著,而高浓度菲（400~800mg·kg^-1）和芘（400~800mg·kg-1）处理显著抑制地上部和地下部的生物量;低浓度处理下互花米草株高变化不明显,而高浓度处理显著抑制互花米草的株高;电解质外渗率和丙二醛含量在低浓度处理下均变化不明显,但高浓度处理下显著增高;根和叶中的脯氨酸含量在高浓度胁迫处理下显著增长;随着处理浓度的增大,叶中可溶性糖含量逐渐降低,而根中可溶性糖的含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,但均高于对照组,说明互花米草通过积累渗透调节物质来缓解菲和芘胁迫造成的伤害.Pot experiment was used to study the effects of different concentrations of phenanthrene（0~800mg·kg^-1）and pyrene（0~800mg·kg^-1）mixed treatments on biomass,height,tiller,electrolyte leakage,MDA,soluble carbohydrate and proline content of S.alterniflora.The results showed that,S.alterniflora had good tolerance and resistance to lower levels of phenanthrene and pyrene stress,while high levels of phenanthrene and pyrene resulted in toxic effects.Low concentration treatments of phenanthrene（10~100mg·kg^-1）and pyrene（10~100mg·kg^-1）could increase shoot biomass,but had no significant effects on root biomass,while high concentration treatments of phenanthrene（400~800mg·kg^-1）and pyrene（400~800mg·kg^-1）significantly inhibited the biomass of shoots and roots.The height of S.alternifloradid not change significantly under low concentration treatments,but it was inhibited significantly under high concentration treatments.Electrolyte leakage and MDA content in leaves did not change significantly under low concentration treatments,but all increased significantly under high concentrations.Proline content in leaves and roots increased significantly under high concentration treatments.Soluble carbohydrate content in leaves decreased with the increasing concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene,while soluble carbohydrate content in roots increased firstly and then reduced,but all were higher than the control,indicating that S.alternifloracould alleviate the damage caused by phenanthrene and pyrene through the accumulation of osmoregulation substance.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 菲 芘 互花米草 生理生态指标 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]