某乡镇麻疹死亡病例和适龄儿童麻疹免疫状况调查  

Measles death case and target children measles immune status investigation of a township

作　　者：张雪梅[1] 王艳华 马敬仓[3] 

机构地区：[1]曹县疾病预防控制中心,山东274400 [2]定陶县疾病预防控制中心 [3]菏泽市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2015年第1期81-84,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的了解某乡镇麻疹发病情况、病例死亡原因,评估该乡镇麻疹免疫状况,为做好麻疹控制工作提供借鉴。方法对病例、医院开展现场流行病学调查,利用山东省免疫规划信息系统调查该乡镇48月龄以下儿童麻疹免疫接种率。结果 2013年全乡镇共确诊麻疹病例2例,均发生在上半年,其中死亡1例,临床诊断为麻疹、重症肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合症、呼吸循环衰竭,分类为实验室确诊病例。某乡镇麻疹成分疫苗第一剂量接种率在84.41%~99.89%之间（P〈0.05）,平均为95.75%,第二剂量接种率在66.91%~99.45%之间（P〈0.05）,平均为83.21%（1 952/2 346）。结论合并症是死亡病例预后差的重要原因。某乡镇预防接种工作存在不足,当地儿童麻疹成分疫苗接种率偏低,应继续提高麻疹类疫苗接种率,减少易感人群的积累。Objective To investigate the incidence and the causes of measles death, evaluate the immune status of the township, so as to provide reference for measles control. Methods The epidemiological investigation on the case and hospitals was conducted, by using the immune planning information system of Shandong province to investigate local children under 48 months＇measles immunization coverage rates. Results In 2013, 2 mea- sles cases were confirmed in the town, both occulted in the first half of the year, including 1 death case, the clinical diagnosis was measles, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory and circulatory failure. The case was classified as a laboratory confirmed cases. The first dose of inoculation rate of measles containing vaccine in 84.41% -99. 89% （P 〈 0.05）, the average was 95.75%, the second dose vaccina- tion rate in 66.91% -99.45% （P 〈 0.05）, the average was 83.21% （1952/2346） . Conclusions The complications were important reasons for the poor prognosis. There were some problems in the measles vacci- nation, the local children measles containing vaccine rates were relatively lower, improving measles vaccine inoculation rates was still needed, to reduce the accumulation of susceptible population.

关 键 词：麻疹 病毒 疫苗 控制 流行 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]