紫色土区玉米季坡耕地片蚀过程研究  

Study on Sheet Erosion Process of the Purple Soil Area in Sloping Cropland During Maize Growing Season

作　　者：黄成龙[1] 何淑勤[1] 郑子成[2] 宫渊波[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都611130

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第1期70-74,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901138;41271307);四川省教育厅项目;四川省学术和技术带头人培养资金资助项目(2012)

摘　　要：通过采用人工模拟降雨与微小区试验相结合的方法,研究玉米种植下紫色土坡耕地片蚀过程,分析雨强变化对片蚀产流产沙的影响。结果表明:随着雨强增加,玉米各生育期片蚀出现时间不断提前,片蚀过程产流总量不断减少,产流强度不断增加;含沙量和产沙强度不断增加,但增幅有所降低。不同雨强条件,片蚀出现时间均表现为抽雄期>拔节期>苗期>成熟期;1.0mm/min,2.0mm/min雨强条件,片蚀过程径流总量和产流强度均表现为成熟期>苗期>拔节期>抽雄期;1.5mm/min雨强条件,表现为成熟期>拔节期>苗期>抽雄期。1.0mm/min雨强条件,产沙强度表现为苗期>成熟期>拔节期>抽雄期;1.0mm/min雨强含沙量及1.5mm/min,2.0mm/min雨强含沙量和产沙强度均表现为苗期>拔节期>成熟期>抽雄期。不同雨强下,玉米各生育期片蚀过程中地表产流产沙过程均呈波动变化。Based on the combining method of micro-plot and artificial simulation rainfall,sheet erosion process of sloping cropland on purple soils was studied,and the effect rainfall intensity on runoff and sediment yield was analyzed during the maize growing season.The results showed that the time of sheet erosion occurrence advanced with the increasing rainfall intensity during maize growing period,the runoff amount decreased and runoff intensity of sheet erosion process increased continually.However,the sediment and sediment yield intensity increased continually,and their growth rate of the sediment and sediment yield intensity decreased.Under the condition of different rainfall intensities,the time of sheet erosion occurrence showed that tasseling stage 〉 jointing stage 〉 seedling stage〉mature stage.Under rainfall intensity of 1.0mm/min and 2.0mm/min,the runoff amount and runoff intensity showed that mature stage〉seedling stage〉jointing stage〉tasseling stage.Under rainfall intensity of 1.5 mm/min,the runoff amount and runoff intensity showed that mature stage〉jointing stage〉seedling stage〉tasseling stage.Under rainfall intensity of 1.0mm/min,the sediment yield intensity showed that seedling stagemature stage〉jointing stage〉tasseling stage.The sediment concentration of 1.0mm/min,the sediment concentration and sediment yield intensity of1.5mm/min and 2.0mm/min showed that seedling stage〉jointing stage〉mature stage〉tasseling stage.The process of runoff and sediment yield showed the fluctuation change for all the maize growth periods.

关 键 词：玉米 坡耕地 片蚀 径流 产沙量 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]