西安市生态环境建设中的物质流分析  

Flow Analysis of Xi'an Environment in Ecological Construction

作　　者：沈丽娜[1] 马俊杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第1期292-296,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51208423)

摘　　要：为了揭示物质在特定区域内的流动特征和转化效率,找出环境压力的直接来源,对西安2001-2010年的物质流动进行了初步分析。通过建立城市层面的物质流框架以及核算指标,针对西安市的具体情况进行调正,从资源投入量、污染物排放量、物质消耗强度、污染物排放强度、物质生产力、资源效率和环境效率7个方面对西安市物质流进行分析,得出西安市近10a来物质流的发展趋势,并给出了西安市物质流的全景图。结果表明:(1)西安市近10a来,随着人口的增长,西安市的资源投入量和污染物的排放量以及二者的强度都在逐年增加。由于净存量的增加,污染物的排放量和资源投入量之间的差越来越大,这在一定程度上延缓或减轻了环境压力。但生态城市的建设,需要达到"低投入、低排污"的目标,西安市的发展态势显然不容乐观。(2)西安市的物质生产力在这10a是呈现稳步上升趋势的,这说明科学技术的革新、产业结构的调整确实使得资源的利用效率提高。(3)资源效率与环境效率在研究期间增长较为缓慢,这说明西安的产业结构在生态城市建设中可能还需要进一步调整,合理、优化的产业结构将带来一个更好、更快的效率增长速率,将促进西安良性有序发展。In order to reveal the material flow characteristics and conversion efficiency in a specific area,find the direct source of environmental pressures,the paper analyzed material flows of Xi＇an from 2001 to 2010material flow structure in city scale and calculation indicators are established and modified to get adaptive to the situation in Xi＇an.The material flow in Xi＇an were analyzed from seven respects,namely quantity of imported resources,quantity of pollutants,intensity of material consumption,intensity of discharged pollutants,material productivity,resource efficiency and environmental efficiency,which contributed to the drawing of panoramic picture showing material flow in Xi＇an.Drawing the following conclusions：（1）On past decade,resource inputs and emissions of pollutants both were increasing along with population growth year by year in Xi＇an.Because of the difference increases,the amount of emissions of pollutants and resources between the net stock increasing,this was reduce the ambient pressuret.But eco-city construction,the need to achieve＂low-input,low emission＂,the development trend of Xi＇an was clearly not optimistic.（2）In this decade the material productive forces of Xi＇an had shown a steady upward,which showed innovation,industrial structure adjustment does make use of science and technology to improve the efficiency of resource.（3）In this decade resource efficiency and environmental efficiency of Xi＇an were the slower growth,indicating that the industrial structure of Xi＇an in the eco-city construction may require further adjustments,reasonable and optimize the industrial structure would lead to a better,faster efficiency growth rate,would promote healthy and orderly development of Xi＇an.

关 键 词：物质流 新陈代谢 生态城市 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]