不同整地方式对风沙土玉米地土壤紧实度的影响  

Effects of Different Fall Tillage Practices on Compaction of Windy and Soil in Maize Field

作　　者：张有利[1] 李娜[2] 王孟雪[1] 张玉先[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学测试中心,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第1期97-99,共3页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：农垦总局科技攻关项目"垦区主栽作物节水灌溉关键技术研究"(HNK125B-06-05)

摘　　要：为了探明不同耕作方式对风沙土土壤紧实度的作用与影响,在大庆市泰康科技园区设置了破垄种、原垄卡种、旋耕原垄卡种、免耕4个玉米种植的耕作处理试验,并在玉米播前、播后、收获三个阶段分别测定了0—40cm范围内每隔5cm土层的土壤紧实度的变异情况。结果表明:旋耕能使表层土壤相对较为疏松,但35cm以下土层由于受机械镇压作用,土壤紧实度明显地高于表层,破垄种使得土体紧实化的现象表现得较为明显,使得土壤质量具有不可持续的基本观点。旋耕原垄卡种具有明显改善20cm以下土壤紧实度,而0—20cm土壤紧实度和其它耕作措施差异不大的效果,这保证了土壤表层不受风蚀而根系层20—40cm变得疏松,是值得推广和应用的一种耕作措施。In order to investigate the effects of different tillage methods on compaction of windy and sandy soil,four-treatment experiment involving the broken ridge,original ridge tillage,rotary original ridge tillage and no tillage was conducted in the maize field in the science and technology park of Taikang of Daqing City.The variations of soil compaction of each 5cm in the depth range of 0—40cm were measured at three stages including the before sowing of corn,after sowing of corn and harvesting.The results showed that rotary tillage made surface soil relatively loose,but the soil compaction below the depth of 35 cm was significantly higher than the topsoil due to mechanical operation;broken ridge made the compaction phenomenon more obvious,making the soil quality unsustainable.Rotary original ridge tillage could significantly improve soil compaction below the depth of 20 cm,and soil compaction at the depth of 0—20cm demonstrated insignificant effect compared with the other tillage practices,which protects the surface soil from erosion and makes the root zone（20—40cm）become loose.Therefore,the rotary original tillage practice deserves widespread application.

关 键 词：耕作方式 土壤紧实度 风沙土 

分 类 号：S143.2[农业科学—肥料学]