以生命表技术评价异色瓢虫对豆蚜的控害潜能  

Control Potential of Harmonia axyridis(Pallas) against Aphis craccivora(Koch) by Life Table Technique

作　　者：陈鹏[1] 王凤珍 李春成 王秀梅[1] 阮长春[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生物防治研究所/天敌昆虫应用技术工程中心,长春130118 [2]大安市林业局,大安131300 [3]和龙市林业局,和龙133500

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2015年第1期14-18,共5页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31371991)

摘　　要：为评价捕食性天敌异色瓢虫对豆蚜的控害潜能,编制了天敌与害虫的实验种群生命表,测定了异色瓢虫对豆蚜的捕食功能反应。结果表明：异色瓢虫年龄特征生命表参数为净生殖力R0=725.850 5,内禀增长率rm=0.082 0,世代平均历期T=80.333 3 d,周限增长率K=1.085 4;豆蚜的生命表参数为R0=72.064 1,rm=0.183 1,T=23.370 0 d,K=1.200 9。异色瓢虫成虫及不同龄期的幼虫对豆蚜的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型模型,1~4龄幼虫a值分别为1.121,1.325,0.840和1.189,Th值分别为0.060 2,0.395 0,0.011 1和0.006 25,最大理论捕食量分别为16.61,25.32,90.09,160.00头。成虫a=1.567,Th=0.007 88,Namax=126.90头。通过生命表参数比较和功能反应模型分析,可见异色瓢虫在豆蚜上具有较强的取食及繁殖能力,对豆蚜种群具有较强的控制能力;从内禀增长率rm的比较可知,异色瓢虫的rm（0.082 0）远小于豆蚜的rm（0.183 1）,天敌对害虫的发生是＂跟随的＂。因此,在生物防治过程中,采取相应的对策才能充分发挥天敌的控害潜能。To evaluate the control potential of Harmonia axyridis（ Pallas） against Aphis craccivora（ Koch）,the experimental population life tables of the predator and the pest were established respectively,and the predation functional response was evaluated. The results showed that age-specific life table parameters of Harmonia axyridis were as follows： net reproduction（ population trend index） R0= 725. 850 5,intrinsic rate of increase rm= 0. 082 0,average generation time T = 80. 333 3 d,finite rate of increase K = 1. 085 4. The reproduction table parameters of Aphis craccivora were as follows： R0= 72. 064 1,rm= 0. 183 1,T = 23. 370 0 d,K = 1. 200 9. The predation functional responses of adults and larvae of different development stages all fitted Holling Ⅱ model. For the 1 st-4 th instar larvae,a value was 1. 121,1. 325,0. 840 and 1. 189,Th value was 0. 060 2,0. 395 0,0. 0111 and 0. 006 25,and the maximum theoretic predatory amount was 16. 61,25. 32,90. 09 and160. 00. For the adult,a = 1. 567,Th = 0. 007 88 and Namax= 126. 90. The above results indicated that Harmonia axyridis had high reproductive speed and strong feeding ability on Aphis craccivora.The intrinsic rate of increase（ rm） of Harmonia axyridis（ 0. 082 0） was significantly lower than the Aphis craccivora（ 0. 183 1）,so the predator followed the pest. Conclusively,in the process of biocontrol,corresponding countermeasures should be taken to fully bring out the control potential of the predator.

关 键 词：异色瓢虫 豆蚜 生命表 功能反应 控害潜能 

分 类 号：Q969.48[生物学—昆虫学] Q969.367.2