玉米秸秆发酵残渣在多羟基醇中液化反应的研究  

Liquefaction of Fermentation Residue of Corn Stover in Polyhydric Alcohols

作　　者：韦冰[1] 谌凡更[1,2] 李志豪[1] 程远超[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]河南天冠企业集团有限公司车用生物燃料技术国家重点实验室,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2014年第5期53-59,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：车用生物燃料技术国家重点实验室资助课题(2013002);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目资助课题(1056112053)

摘　　要：以玉米秸秆制备燃料乙醇所得到的发酵残渣(简称'发酵残渣')为原料,在聚乙二醇等多羟基醇中,以浓硫酸为催化剂,进行液化反应,得到植物纤维基多元醇,并以该种液化产物代替部分聚醚多元醇,用于聚氨酯硬泡的制备。通过对液化产物及残渣进行分析,研究了影响液化反应的因素。结果表明:发酵残渣在液化剂PEG200/甘油(质量比7∶3)中,当液化温度为160℃,时间为2 h,液固质量比4∶1,催化剂浓硫酸用量为液化剂质量的4%时液化效果最佳,液化率达64.54%。此时,液化产物羟值为349 mg/g,黏度为979 mPa·s。发酵残渣苯醇抽提物在上述液化条件下液化率可达96.59%,其液化产物的羟值及黏度分别为474 mg/g和791 mPa·s,也可用于聚氨酯硬泡的制备。Fermentation residue of corn stover was liquefied in polyhydric alcohols in the presence of sulfuric acid as the catalyst at the temperature from 140 to 180 ℃. The liquefied product was used as polyol component for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foam. The results indicated that the highest yield of liquefaction was 64. 54%,which was achieved in the mixed solvents of polyethylene 200 and glycol（ mass ratio 7 ∶ 3） with a liquid /solid mass ratio of 4 ∶ 1,and a mass fraction of sulfuric acid4 % at 160 ℃ after 2 h. The hydroxyl number and the viscosity of the liquefied product were 349 mg /g and 979 mPa·s,respectively. The benzene /ethanol extractives from fermentation residue was 96. 59 % using the optimum reaction conditions.The liquefied product of the extractives,which has a hydroxyl number of 474 mg /g and a viscosity of 791 mPa·s,could be used for the preparation of rigid PU foam,too.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 发酵残渣 液化 聚氨酯硬泡 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]