基于低聚酰亚胺含氮介孔碳材料的制备  

Preparation of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon materials from oligoimide precursors

作　　者：刘圆圆[1,2] 早川晃镜[2] 王晓琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学工程系膜材料与工程北京市重点实验室,北京100084 [2]东京工业大学有机和高分子材料系

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2014年第5期33-39,共7页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA03A604)

摘　　要：以低聚酰亚胺为氮源前驱体、交联酚醛树脂为碳源、嵌段共聚物为软模板剂,通过相分离自组装、交联和高温锻烧处理制备了新型高规整含氮介孔碳材料,并用FT-IR、SEM、TEM、热重分析和小角X光散射等测试方法表征介孔碳材料的组成与结构.结果表明,处理温度达350℃时嵌段共聚物模板可被成功移除,进而形成多孔结构;温度达600℃时体系完全碳化,可得到高规整的多孔含氮碳材料.通过调节体系中氮源、碳源及模板剂的相对比例可实现形貌由立方结构向柱状和层状结构的过渡,进而实现对含氮介孔材料形貌的有效调控.Well-ordered nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon materials were prepared via a soft-templating method by using block copolymers as the template,oligoimide as the nitrogen source and crosslinked phenolic resin as the carbon source,through successive steps of self-assembly,crosslinking,and heat treatment.FT-IR,SEM,TEM,thermogravimetric analysis and small angle X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the constitution and mesostructures of obtained materials.The results indicated that the block copolymer templates were successfullyremoved at 350 ℃to generate porous structures,and at a higher temperature of 600℃,the matrix consisting of oligoimides and crosslinked phenolic resin will carbonize to form the nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbons with high regularity.Since carbon and nitrogen precursors selectively dissolve in the hydrophilic phase formed by the block copolymer templates and change the hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratios,the morphologies of the newly developed carbon materials can be finely tuned by adjusting the ratios of each component in the system,and numerous morphologies,including sphere,cylinder and lamellar can be obtained.

关 键 词：低聚酰亚胺 含氮介孔碳材料 高规整 形貌调控 

分 类 号：TB383.4[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]