富油小球藻Chlorella protothecoides胞内多糖和油脂提取工艺优化  

Extraction optimization of intracellular polysaccharide and lipid from oleaginous Chlorella protothecoides

作　　者：孙建瑞[1] 宋涛[1] 孙显[1] 宋济君 王川[1] 乔代蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院微生物与代谢工程四川省重点实验室,成都610064

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第4期615-620,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(SB2007FY400-4;2011BAD14B05;2013BAD10B01);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2013GZ0058;2012GZ0008);国家自然科学基金项目(J1103518)资助~~

摘　　要：对小球藻(Chlorella protothecoides)胞内多糖和油脂的提取工艺进行优化,旨在最大程度地提高其高价值代谢产物的综合利用价值.结果显示,在先提取小球藻胞内多糖、后提取油脂的情况下,不仅胞内多糖可以得到充分的提取,油脂的损失量也很小.当提取介质的pH为14时,胞内多糖提取量最高,剩余的油脂含量也最高,油脂损失最少.对胞内多糖提取条件进行正交优化,料液比为主要影响因素,超声时间、提取时间和提取温度为次要因素,最佳工艺条件为:料液比1:25(m/V),超声时间20 min,提取时间180 min,提取温度70℃.在此条件下得到的胞内多糖含量为4.72%,剩余的油脂含量为41.18%.胞内多糖提取前后小球藻的脂肪酸组成基本上没有变化.小球藻的脂肪酸组成主要为C16和C18,不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,占总脂肪酸含量的80%以上.This research studied intracellular polysaccharide and lipid in Chlorella protothecoides. Extracting intracellular polysaccharide before extraction of lipid could maximumly improve the comprehensive utilization of C. protothecoides, with intracellular polysaccharide fully extracted and the loss of lipid small. The results showed that the best extraction effect of intracellular polysaccharide was obtained with extraction solution pH as 14; in addition, the lipid content of the remaining algae remained at a high level. Extraction of intracellular polysaccharide was optimized by an L9（34） orthogonal array design（OAD） with four factors at three levels. Solid to liquid ratio was the main factor influencing extraction of intracellular polysaccharide, while ultrasound time, extraction temperature and extraction time were the secondary factors. With the optimal extraction condition（solid to liquid ratio 1：25（m/V）, ultrasonic time 20 min, extraction temperature 70 ℃, and extraction time 180 min）, the content of intracellular polysaccharide was 4.72%, with remaining lipid content as 41.18%. The fatty acid composition of C. protothecoides had no significant change after extracting intracellular polysaccharide. The fatty acids were mainly C16 and C18, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, accounting for more than 80% of the total fatty acids. This study provides an important research basis and direction for the comprehensive utilization of high-value metabolites from microalgae.

关 键 词：胞内多糖 油脂 提取液 正交试验设计 脂肪酸 小球藻 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]