高压氧预处理对急性缺氧人体劳动能力的影响  

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen pretreatment on human labor ability under acute hypoxia exposure

作　　者：杨凌[1] 石路[2,3] 刘俊松[1] 牟杰[1] 柳甜甜[1] 李洋洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军杭州疗养院海勤疗养区高低压氧科,浙江杭州310002 [2]上海交通大学海洋水下工程科学研究院 [3]上海交通大学-千叶大学国际合作研究中心,上海200030

出　　处：《临床和实验医学杂志》2014年第17期1444-1448,共5页Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究高压氧(HBO)预处理对人体急性暴露于高海拔缺氧环境和体力负荷的耐缺氧和抗疲劳的影响。方法 8名成年男性自愿者参加本研究,对他们在海平,低压舱急性暴露于海拔4 000米和进行体力负荷前、后的生理参数进行测试,分别对进行HBO预处理3次、5次和7次后的各参数作自身对比。负荷实验采用踏阶法,运动前和结束后测定心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SaO2),采血并检测血中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和乳酸(BLA),测试受试者的主观评价。结果1与海平对照比较,在海拔4 000米体力负荷前,受试者的SaO2明显下降(P<0.01),BLA含量则明显升高(P<0.05)。HR较海平对照有升高趋势,SOD活性和工作效率较海平对照值均有下降趋势。2在4 000米体力负荷后,BLA含量明显升高(P<0.05);SaO2明显下降(P<0.01);HR较海平对照有升高趋势,SOD活性和工作效率较海平对照值均有下降趋势。在4 000米的低氧条件下,经HBO预处理7天,体力负荷后的BLA含量明显下降(P<0.05),HBO预处理3天组的工作效率明显升高(P<0.05)。同时经HBO预处理后,HR有下降趋势,而SOD活性有升高趋势。结论 HBO预处理能提高低氧下的血氧含量,增加血氧分压,提高SaO2。急性高海拔暴露前进行HBO预处理可促使体内乳酸的清除,使机体疲劳感降低或消失,提高人体的工作效率,从而提高人在急性暴露于缺氧环境中的劳动能力,对于急性高原反应的发生将有良好的预防及防治作用。Objective To study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen（ HBO） pretreatment on human labor ability under acute hypoxia exposure. Methods Eight male adult volunteers participated this research. The physiological parameters were tested respectively when they were at sea level,4000 meters acute exposure in low pressure chamber before /after physical load. All subjects underwent stepping-stool exercise for physical load. Heart Rate（ HR） and Oxygen Saturation（ SaO2） were tested before and after the exercise. The blood to test ratio of the Superoxide Dismutase activity（ SOD） and Blood Lactic acid content（ BLA） were also collected. Results ①Compared with the sea level group,the SaO2 decreased significantly before physical load at 4 000 meters（ P〈0. 01）,and the BLA content increased significantly（ P〈0. 05）. The HR showed increasing tendency compared with the sea level,while the SOD activity and work efficiency had declining tendency. ②After 4 000 meters physical load,the BLA content increased significantly（ P〈0. 05）. The SaO2 decreased significantly（ P〈0. 01）; meanwhile the HR had increasing tendency compared with the sea level. The SOD activity and work efficiency had declining tendency. The BLA content of 7 days HBO pretreatment after physical load decreased significantly（ P〈0. 05）. The work efficiency of 3 days HBO pretreatment after physical load increased significantly（ P〈0. 05）. Compared with the sea level,the HR had declining tendency,the SOD activity and work efficiency showed increasing tendency. Conclusion The HBO pretreatment could improve the SaO2 and increase the blood oxygen partial pressure. This treatment also could eliminate the LA in human body. And this method can made the body fatigue decreased or disappeared. When HBO was used from low altitude to high altitude acute exposure. This treatment could effectively improve the body adaptation velocity to hypoxia environment so as to reduce the incidence of acute mountain sickness（ AMS）.

关 键 词：急性缺氧暴露 高压氧预处理 体力负荷 劳动能力 血乳酸 

分 类 号：R459.6[医药卫生—治疗学]