梨园土壤中敌敌畏降解菌的分离及其降解效能比较  

Isolation and Degraded Effect of DDVP-degrading Bacteria in Soil of Pear Orchards

作　　者：杨瑞红[1,2] 宋彬[1] 芦云[1] 施宠[2] 王纯利[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆教育学院科学教育学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830043 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第20期164-168,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：新疆自治区自然科学青年基金资助项目(2014211B014);新疆教育学院院级课题资助项目(XJJY201326)

摘　　要：从新疆南疆长期使用有机磷农药的梨园土壤中分离出18株能够降解敌敌畏有效成分DDVP的菌株。采用驯化培养,形态观察及16SrDNA测序后,利用NCBI数据库Blast比对鉴定。结果表明:所分离的菌株有12株假单胞菌、4株芽孢杆菌、1株微杆菌和1株土壤杆菌,其中以假单胞菌为主;所获得的菌株对敌敌畏制剂的降解能力普遍低于DDVP纯品;混合菌株能够明显的提高降解敌敌畏制剂的效果;混合降解后菌液中的菌株比例发生了较大的改变,但假单胞菌仍然为其中的优势菌株;该研究为进一步研究其降解机制奠定良好的基础。18 strains of bacteria were isolated from the pear orchards soils in southern Xinjiang, which could degrade DDVP （effective constituent of Dichlorvos agent） habituated culture and morphologie observation were adopted, and blasted 16S rl）NA sequence in NCBI database. The results showed that those strains were identified as 4 groups, 14 strains were Pseudomonadales sp. ,4 strains were Microbacterium sp. , 1 strain was B^cillus spp. and 1 strain was Agrobacterium sp. , Pseudomonadales sp. was dominant group. In degraded DDVP experiments, compared with pure DDVP, the degradation effect of dichlorvos was lower. Mixture the 4 strains with same proportion could enhance the degradation effect of dichlorvos,which may be due to every strains~ different roles in the complex degrading process of organic phosphorus. After the dichlorvos degradation, the percentage of each strain of mixture was significantly changed. Pseudomonadales sp. was still dominant species. This study would provide strong support for further study of degraded mechanism.

关 键 词：梨园 土壤 生物降解 DDVP 土壤细菌 

分 类 号：S661.206.1[农业科学—果树学]