广州市大学生健康素养现状及影响因素分析  

A study on the status and influential factors of health literacy among undergraduate students in Guangzhou City

作　　者：周薇薇[1] 罗春花[1] 范存欣[2] 黎永锋[1] 马绍斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院医学心理与行为科学教研室,广东广州510632 [2]暨南大学医学院卫生学教研室,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2014年第7期654-658,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的了解广州市在校大学生健康素养现状,分析相关影响因素,为高校和相关部门有效开展健康促进工作,制定策略提供参考依据。方法于2012年4~6月,采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,选取广州市5所高校共2 109名在校大学生进行健康素养问卷调查,内容包括健康理念和基本知识、健康生活方式与行为和健康基本技能等。结果该市大学生具备健康素养的比例为8.2%,具备健康理念和基本知识素养、健康生活方式与行为素养、健康基本技能素养的比例分别为18.2%、13.7%、41.3%;医、药类学生具备健康素养的比例最高,为16.9%,且不同专业具备健康素养的差异有统计学意义（χ2=110.65,P〈0.001）;调查前是否选修过健康方面课程及不同年级具备健康素养的差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为59.96,88.82,均有P〈0.001）;分类树分析表明,影响大学生健康素养的因素主要有专业、年级、调查前是否选修过健康方面课程和生源地。结论广州市大学生的健康素养水平整体过低,特别是健康生活方式与行为素养及慢性病预防素养,学校及相关部门据此应有针对性地制定健康素养干预措施、开展健康素养促进活动,努力提升大学生的健康素养水平。Objective To understand the current health literacy status among undergraduate students in Guangzhou and analyze the related influential factors,so as to provide reference and suggestions for universities and corresponding government branches to develop health promotion and make health policies efficiently. Methods By stratified random cluster sampling,a total of 2 109 undergraduate students from 5 universities in Guangzhou were selected to complete a health literacy questionnaire including basic knowledge and health concepts,healthy lifestyles and behaviors,and basic health skills. Results The percentage of sampled undergraduates in Guangzhou who had met the health literacy criteria is8. 2%. The percentages of students who had met the health literacy criteria on basic knowledge and health concepts,and on healthy lifestyles and behaviors,and on health basic skills are 18. 2%,13. 7% and 41. 3%,respectively. The percentage of health literacy in students of Medicine or Pharmacy specialty is higher than other specialties（ 16. 9%）,and the percentage of health literacy is statistically significantly correlated with the specialty（ χ2= 110. 65,P〈0. 001）. There were also statistical significances in the difference of health literate students who had been enrolled in health-related courses before this investigation and who were in different grades（ χ2= 59. 96,88. 82,both P〈0. 001）. The classification tree showed that the specialty,grade,related coursework and origin of students were the main influential factors for the health literacy of undergraduate students. Conclusions The health literacy of undergraduate students in Guangzhou is generally on low level,especially on healthy lifestyles,behaviors and prevention of chronic disease. It is necessary for universities and corresponding government branches to make intervention and promotion to address this issue.

关 键 词：健康促进 健康教育 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]