含磷物质对铅耐性与敏感性植物生长及磷铅吸收的影响  

Effects of Phosphorous-containing Substances on Growth and Phosphorous and Lead Uptake of Lead-Tolerant and Sensitive Plants

作　　者：李维立[1] 方月英 赵玲[1] 曹心德[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2014年第7期1288-1293,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21077072;21377081)

摘　　要：将耐性植物芥蓝(Brassica capitata)与敏感植物小白菜(Brassica chinensis)暴露于含Pb的营养液中,通过添加磷灰石矿尾料(PR)、重过磷酸钙(TSP)及二者混合物(P+T)处理,研究含磷物质对两种植物吸收Pb的影响以及Pb在植物根表面形态变化过程。结果显示:添加含磷物质降低了耐性植物芥蓝根部Pb的含量,但对地上部Pb吸收的影响不显著;对敏感植物小白菜来说,PR和P+T处理的植物根部及地上部Pb的含量与对照基本一致,而TSP处理促进了Pb的吸收,表现出小白菜根部及地上部Pb的含量显著高于对照组。含磷物质添加诱导了Pb在植物根表面形成Pb5(PO4)3Cl、Pb5(PO4)3OH的沉淀,但这并没有直接导致两种植物对Pb吸收量的减少。Lead-tolerant plant kale（Brassica capitata） and Pb-sensitive plant Chinese cabbage（Brassica chinensis ） were exposed to nutri- ent solution containing Pb to examine the transformation of Pb on root surface and Pb uptake by plants after adding phosphate rock tailing （PR）, triple superphosphate fertilizer（TSP） and their combination（P＋T） to the solution. Applying phosphorous-containing substances en- hanced phosphorous uptake in roots and shoot of Chinese cabbage and roots of kale, with effects being TSP〉P＋T〉PR, but had no effect on shoot phosphorous in kale. Lead concentrations in roots of tolerant kale were reduced, but those in shoot were not significantly affected by additions of phosphorous-containing substances. For Chinese cabbage, PR and P＋T treatments had little effect on Pb concentrations in both root and shoot, while applying TSP enhanced Pb uptake. Additions of phosphorous-containing substances induced formations of Pb5（ PO4）3C1 and Pb5（PO4）3OH on the surface of plant roots. However, this was in no position to directly reduce Pb absorption by plants.

关 键 词：含磷物质 芥蓝 小白菜 铅 植物根表面 

分 类 号：X503.23[环境科学与工程—环境工程]