一种交联聚合物微球的合成及性能评价  

Synthesis and performance evaluation of a kind of crosslinked polymer microsphere

作　　者：马智国[1] 王永鹤[2] 康宏元 麻超[2] 林海萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西国防工业职业技术学院化工分院,陕西西安710300 [2]西安石油大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710065 [3]中石油长城钻探昆山化学公司,江苏昆山215300

出　　处：《西安石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第4期84-88,11,共5页Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University（Natural Science Edition）

摘　　要：以丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺基-甲基丙磺酸、丙烯酸为单体,以N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,以Span80和OP-10为复合乳化剂,煤油为介质,采用反相乳液聚合法合成了一种丙烯酰胺类交联聚合物微球。讨论了引发剂用量、交联剂用量、反应温度、pH值等因素对微球吸水性能的影响,获得的聚合物微球最佳制备条件为:反应温度45℃,pH值为7,引发剂过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠单体质量分数为0.2%,交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺单体质量分数为0.1%。利用显微镜和激光粒度仪对所制备的微球进行了表征,考查了不同质量浓度盐溶液对聚合物微球吸水性能的影响。结果表明:交联聚合物微球球形完整,平均粒径约20μm;随着盐溶液质量分数的增大聚合物微球吸水倍率减小,在不同的盐溶液中微球吸水降低程度不同,二价盐的影响较一价盐降低更显著。微球在清水中浸泡72 h的吸水倍率为60,而在1%的NaCl、CaCl2和MgCl2水溶液中浸泡72 h的吸水倍率分别为50、23和23,该聚合物微球具有一定的耐盐性。Using acrylamide,2-acrylamide-methyl propanesulfonic acid and acrylic acid as monomers,N,N-methylene double acrylamide as crosslinking agent,Span80 and OP-10 as composite emulsifier and kerosene as the media,a kind of acrylamide crosslinked polymer microsphere was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization. The influences of the dosage of initiator and crosslinking agent,reaction temperature and pH on the water absorption capacity of the microsphere are discussed,and the optimal synthesis conditions of the polymer microsphere are obtained: reaction temperature is 45 ℃,pH is 7,the monomer mass fraction of initiator ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfate all is 0. 2%,and the monomer mass fraction of crosslinking agent is 0. 1%. The synthesized microsphere is characterized by means of SEM and laser particle size analyzer,and the influence of the mass fraction of salts in water solution on the water absorption capacity of the microsphere is investigated. It is shown that: the crosslinked polymer microsphere has complete and homogeneous size,and its average particle diameter is about 20 μm; the water absorption capacity of the microsphere decreases with the increase of the mass fraction of the salts in water solution; different salts make the reduction of water absorption capacity of the microsphere different,the reduction of divalent salt is more than that of monovalent salt. The water adsorption multiple of the microsphere in clear water is 60,and its water adsorption multiple in water solution of NaCl,CaCl2 and MgCl2of 1% is 50,23 and 23 separately,which shows that the polymer microsphere has certain salt tolerance.

关 键 词：交联聚合物微球 丙烯酰胺 反相乳液聚合 吸水性能 耐盐性 

分 类 号：TE357.12[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]