李大钊人民群众观述论  

Analysis of Li Dazhao's Conception of the People

作　　者：杜鸿林[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学政治文化与政治文明建设研究院

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第2期106-117,共12页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目(12BKS037)

摘　　要：人民群众观是关于人民群众是谁、如何看待人民群众、怎样处理与人民群众关系等一系列重大问题思想认识的理论形态。李大钊基于坚定的人民立场和真挚的人民情怀,以唯物史观为认识工具,以中国实际和中国革命进程为现实基础,以人的平等、自由、富庶为终极价值目标,以"平民主义"为核心范畴,构建起属于马克思主义谱系的人民群众观。在"Democracy"的多种汉译词语中,李大钊主选了"平民主义"。在李大钊的语境中,"平民"一指集合意义上的人民,二指占社会成员或国民绝大多数的普通民众,三指平等、自由之民。李大钊"平民"范畴的多义性决定了其"平民主义"意蕴的多维性。以"平民主义"为核心范畴的李大钊人民群众观的思想主张主要有:爱民忧民重民生,人民是历史的主体,人民是真正的英雄,人民亟需教育、组织和训练,没有妇女的解放就没有人类的解放,知识青年须走与民众相结合的道路等。李大钊是中国近现代之交新型人民群众观的开创者,是中国共产党人民群众观的奠基人。The conception of the people is a theoretical understanding of who the people are, how to regard the people, how to deal with the people, and other related ideological problems. Based on a firm and sincere attachment to the people and thanks to the help of historical materialism as a cognitive tool, Li Dazhao constructed a conception of the people that was based upon China＇s reality and the process of China＇s revolution, a conception that belonged genealogically to Marxism. The ultimate end of the conception, with＂populism＂at its very heart, was to achieve people＇s equality,freedom and prosperity. In the many Chinese renditions of the word＂democracy,＂Li chose one that was equivalent to＂populism.＂In the linguistic context of Li, the word＂populace＂referred first to people in the collective sense of the word, second to ordinary people that formed the majority of the members of the society or the nation, and third to people that enjoyed equality and freedom. The many implications in Li＇s use of the word＂populace＂stipulated that his＂populism＂might have multi-dimensional implications. With＂populism＂being the core category, Li＇s conception of the people mainly claimed that people should be loved and their livelihood should be taken into concern, that people were the main force of history, that people were the real heroes, that people were in strong need of education, organization and training, that without the liberation of women, the liberation of human as a whole was not possible, and that educated young people should join with common people. Li is the initiator of the new conception of people in the transitional period between China＇s recent and modern history and a founder of Chinese Communist Party＇s conception of the people.

关 键 词：李大钊 平民主义 人民群众观 

分 类 号：D252[政治法律—政治学]