高技术产业创新驱动中低技术产业增长的影响因素研究  

Research on Factors of High-Tech Industry Innovation Driving Low-MediumTech Industry Economic Growth

作　　者：王伟光[1] 马胜利[1] 姜博[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学经济学院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2015年第3期70-82,共13页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家软科学研究计划项目"面向东北地区创新驱动发展战略的企业‘链-网-体'式技术创新路径研究"(批准号2014GXS4D093);教育部人文社会科学一般项目"我国经济发展方式转变测度研究"(批准号10YJA790189)

摘　　要：创新驱动发展是中国经济发展新常态的重要内容。创新驱动发展的本质是高技术产业创新向中低技术产业转移和扩散,带动中低技术产业全要素生产率提升和资源配置优化的过程。本文从知识生产函数角度,构建了一个高技术产业创新驱动中低技术产业增长模型,提出了产业间创新驱动指数。根据产业间创新驱动指数的变化,创新驱动发展可分为嵌入驱动、协同驱动、融合驱动和逆向驱动四个具有周期性特征的循环过程,不同阶段的高、中低技术产业发展表现为"收敛"、"融合"、"锁定"、"发散"或"挤出"等不同趋势。干中学、研发和知识溢出等内部因素,以及知识产权、FDI和企业规模等外部条件之间的交互作用,影响着中低技术产业增长向高技术产业收敛或发散的过程。实证结果显示,中国经济已经进入嵌入驱动阶段,驱动效果显著,高技术与中低技术产业间呈现"收敛式"发展态势。其中,知识溢出、研发、干中学和知识产权保护是实现创新驱动发展的关键要素,FDI和企业规模对创新驱动发展具有明显的"替代效应"和"规模效应"。创新驱动发展需要高技术和中低技术产业协同创新与发展,也需要在创新驱动和FDI、企业规模之间达到一种平衡关系。Innovation-driven development is an important part of China＇s economic new normal. The essence of innovation-driven development is that innovation achievements of high-teeh industries transfer and diffuse to low-teeh and medium-tech industries, increasing the total factor productivity and optimizing the allocation of resources. From the perspective of knowledge production function, this article builds an economic growth model of low-medium-tech industries driven by high-tech industry innovation and puts forward an innovation-driven index （HDLI）. According to the change of HDLI, innovation-driven development are divided into four periodically-cyclic phases： embedment-driven phase, synergy-driven phase, fusion-driven phase and reverse-driven phase, in which high, medium and low-teeh industries show a pattern of ＂convergence＂, ＂integration＂, ＂lock＂, ＂divergence＂ or ＂crowd out＂. The interaction between internal factors such as doing by learning, R＆D and knowledge spillover, and external conditions such as intellectual property rights, FDI and firm size, affects the different patterns. The empirical results show that, China＇s economy has entered into the phase of embedment-driven development, the driving effect is obvious and the trend of ＂convergence＂ is presented between high-teeh and low-medium-tech industries. To be further, knowledge spillover, R＆D, the doing by learning and the protection of intellectual property rights have significant effects on the realization of innovation-driven development; FDI and firm size show the ＂substitution effect＂ and ＂scale effect＂ on innovation-driven development. This means that innovation-driven development needs the coordination of high-tech and low-medium-tech industries, as well as a balanced relationship between innovation, FDI and firm size.

关 键 词：产业间创新驱动指数 高技术产业 中低技术产业 知识溢出 

分 类 号：F424.3[经济管理—产业经济]