电网实际运行环境中相量测量装置性能在线评价方法  

Proposal of index for PMU field performance evaluation in actual operating environment

作　　者：王茂海[1] 赵玉江[1] 齐霞 孙昊 

机构地区：[1]国家电网公司华北分部,北京100053 [2]国网冀北电力有限公司经济技术研究院,北京100005 [3]国网新源控股有限公司,北京100053

出　　处：《电力系统保护与控制》2015年第6期86-92,共7页Power System Protection and Control

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目资助(52011013508K)

摘　　要：广域测量系统(WAMS)的各项应用功能的可靠性高度依赖于相量测量装置(PMU)的数据质量。目前,PMU性能评价主要在实验中离线进行,性能指标主要采用综合矢量误差(TVE)。TVE作为一种离线评价指标,并没有将频率测量误差考虑在内,并且只适合于在被测信号已知的情况下使用。随着PMU布点越来越普遍,迫切需要建立一种在电网实际运行环境下的在线评价PMU测量性能的综合指标。PMU的主要任务是真实地反映交流电压(电流)输入信号的频率、幅值、相位等相量特征,如果利用PMU输出的测量结果重新构造一个正弦信号,这一正弦信号与PMU输入信号之间的差别信号的频谱中应不包含PMU输出的信号频率。基于这一思路,提出了综合相量误差(TPE)作为PMU性能的在线评价指标。TPE的优点是不受噪声、谐波和动态变化分量的影响,能够在输入信号未知的情况下对PMU的测量性能进行评价。算例验证了该方法的有效性。The reliability of Wide Area Measurement System（WAMS） advanced applications is highly dependent on the accuracy of PMU data. Presently, Total Vector Error（TVE） is usually adopted as an index for Phasor Measurement Unit（PMU） performance evaluation. However, TVE does not take frequency error into account, and is applicable only in laboratory, where the characteristics of test signal are given. With more and more PMUs put into field operation, it is a pressing task to develop a comprehensive index to evaluate PMU＇s field performance. The objective of phasor measurement is to truly reflect the characteristics of sinusoidal signals in power system. Suppose that a sinusoidal signal is reconstructed from PMU measurements. In an ideal case, the difference between the reconstructed signal and original signal should not contain any components of fundamental frequency. Based on this idea, Total Phasor Error（TPE） is proposed to evaluate PMU＇s field performance. Taking amplitude error, phase angle error, and frequency error into account, TPE is a comprehensive index hardly affected by harmonics and noise. It＇s not necessary to know the characteristics of original signal to calculate TPE; hence, TPE is applicable not only in lab test, but also for field evaluation. Examples based on PMU data at North China Grid are given to demonstrate the reasonability and feasibility of TPE.

关 键 词：电力系统 电力系统测量 相量测量装置 广域测量系统 性能评价 

分 类 号：TM732[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM933.31