表面粗糙度对有机玻璃材料真空沿面闪络特性的影响  

Influence of Surface Roughness on Vacuum Flashover Characteristics of PMMA

作　　者：郎艳[1] 王艺博[1] 苏国强[1] 宋佰鹏[1] 穆海宝[1] 张冠军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2015年第2期474-478,共5页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(51125029);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2015CB251003);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体(51221005);中国工程物理研究院脉冲功率技术重点实验室基金(PPLF2013PZ06)~~

摘　　要：目前国内外关于绝缘材料的表面粗糙度对其真空中沿面闪络特性的影响尚无定论。为此以有机玻璃材料为研究对象,采用不同目数的砂纸制备不同表面粗糙度的样品,并进行了真空沿面闪络实验研究。结果表明:随着表面粗糙度的增加,有机玻璃的闪络电压呈现U型变化规律,即先减小后增大的变化趋势。同时,研究了打磨方向对有机玻璃闪络特性的影响。在粗糙度较大的情况下,合适的打磨方向可以明显提高闪络电压,尤其是垂直于电极方向打磨时,材料表现出闪络电压高、分散性小的特点;但在粗糙度较小的范围内,闪络特性受打磨方向的影响不明显,甚至有略微下降的趋势。结合实验结果,基于二次电子发射雪崩理论,从宏观和微观2个角度讨论了粗糙度对于绝缘材料闪络特性的影响机理,提出了表面粗糙度对于闪络影响的博弈模型。Nowadays there are still some disputes about the effect of surface roughness of insulation material on its surface flashover characteristics in vacuum all over the world. We prepared polymethyl methacrylate（PMMA） samples with various surface roughness through polishing with abrasive papers of different mesh numbers, and used the samples to conduct vacuum surface flashover experiments. The results indicate that flashover voltage firstly decreases and then increases with increasing surface roughness. We also investigated the effect of polishing direction on the flashover characteristics. It is found that when surface roughness is high, certain polishing direction effectively increases flashover voltage. Especially when the polishing direction is vertical to the line connecting the two electrodes, the flashover voltage gets obviously increased while holding rather low dispersity. However, when surface roughness is low, polishing direction barely influences flashover voltage. Finally, based on the experimental results and the secondary electron emission avalanche model, the mechanism of surface roughness influencing flashover characteristics is discussed, i.e., the inhibition effect and promotion effect, and a game model is proposed to describe the connection between the two kinds of effects.

关 键 词：真空 闪络电压 有机玻璃 表面粗糙度 打磨方向 博弈模型 

分 类 号：TM215.7[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]