用于串补的激光触发与电脉冲触发火花间隙对比实验研究  

Experimental Study of Laser-triggering and Electrical-triggering Methods for a High Voltage Spark Gap in High-voltage Series Capacitor Protection

作　　者：孙为民[1] 曾嵘[1] 盛新富[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系电力系统国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《高电压技术》2015年第2期693-698,共6页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2010CB736002)~~

摘　　要：目前串补电容常采用电脉冲触发火花间隙作为其快速旁路保护,实现这种触发方式的难点在于确保整个触发装置与高压端的电气隔离。为解决此问题,研制了一种激光触发火花间隙,对其进行了自击穿和触发击穿测试,通过实验比较了相同形状尺寸的激光触发火花间隙与电脉冲触发火花间隙在不同极性、不同间隙距离下的触发击穿电压,并对2种火花间隙的放电机理进行了初步分析。实验结果表明：激光触发火花间隙的最小可靠触发击穿电压在自击穿电压的26%-48%之间;电脉冲触发火花间隙的最小可靠触发击穿电压在自击穿电压的43%-64%之间;两种火花间隙正极性下的最小可靠触发击穿电压均低于负极性下的最小可靠击穿电压。Currently, externally triggered high-power spark gaps are used as the fast bypass protection for high voltage series capacitors. However, realizing this trigger mechanism is faced with the obstacle of assuring the electrical isolation between trigger system and high-voltage potential. To solve this problem, we designed a laser triggering spark gap and put it through self-breakdown tests and trigger-breakdown tests. We compared the laser triggered spark gap with an electrically triggered spark gap with the same shape and dimension in the aspect of protection range under different polarities and different gap distances based on experimental results, and analyzed the discharge mechanisms of these two spark gaps. It is obtained that for the laser triggered spark gap the minimum reliable trigger-breakdown voltages were 26%-48% of the self-breakdown voltages. This ratio range was 43%-64% for the electrically triggered spark gap accordingly. Moreover, for both kinds of spark gaps, the minimum reliable trigger-breakdown voltages of positive polarity were smaller than that of negative polarity.

关 键 词：串补电容 旁路保护 激光触发火花间隙 电脉冲触发火花间隙 自击穿电压 触发击穿电压 保护范围 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]