补光对出口模拟贮运人参榕叶片生长和光合作用的影响  

Effect of Prolonging Light Duration on Growth and Photosynthesis in Leaves of Exported Ficus microcarpaduring Storage

作　　者：陈小玲[1] 王威[1] 吴雪娥[1] 张瑶[1] 陈清西[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350002

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2015年第1期153-160,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：科技部2013年科技富民强县专项行动计划项目(财教[2013]144号)

摘　　要：为减轻出口人参榕贮运暗胁迫下叶片的黄化与脱落,以人参榕（接穗为泰国榕）为材料,采用28 W荧光灯补充光照,研究不同补光时长（0~12h·d-1）处理28d后对模拟贮运人参榕生长和光合作用的影响,以探索人参榕贮运期间适宜的补光时长。结果显示：（1）模拟暗贮运28d时,补光0h·d-1处理的人参榕落叶率、黄化指数分别为89.64%、0.52,而补光8-12h·d^-1处理的落叶率、黄化指数显著下降,落叶率比对照（0h·d^-1）分别显著下降为35.7%、39.19%、26.08%,黄化指数分别显著下降为0.25、0.28、0.19。（2）随着补光时间的延长,人参榕叶片的相对含水量（RWC）显著降低,而比叶重（SLW）显著升高;其叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素（a＋b）含量、类胡萝卜素含量、叶绿素a/b、净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）均呈上升趋势,且在补光8-12h·d^-1处理下各指标均明显高于其他处理,但胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）呈下降趋势。（3）相关分析显示,模拟贮运人参榕的落叶率与黄化指数呈极显著正相关;落叶率、黄化指数均与其叶绿素含量、Pn呈极显著负相关,与Ci呈极显著正相关;且叶片Pn与叶绿素含量、Gs呈显著正相关,与Ci呈极显著负相关。研究表明,通过补光措施可显著减缓贮运人参榕叶片的黄化与脱落,28 W荧光灯光照8-12h·d^-1的补光效果均较好,综合考虑成本认为在实际人参榕贮运过程中最适补光时长为8h·d^-1;贮运时较长时间的暗胁迫环境对人参榕叶片光合系统造成损伤并导致Pn下降,其主要是叶绿素含量降低的非气孔限制因素所致。In order to relief exported Ficus microcarpa leaves chlorisis and defoliation under dark stress dur- ing storage,with F. microcarpa（cion was Thailand banyan） as material and suppling light with fluorescent lamps（28 W）,we investigated the effects of different supplemental lighting time lengths（0--12 h d-1） on growth and photosynthesis in leaves of F. microcarpa after 28 d simulative storage. The results showed that： （1）When the time of simulative storage was 28 d,the defoliation rate and chlorisis index of F. micro- carpa which were supplemental lighting for 0 h·d^-1 were 89.64% and 0.52,respectively. While the treat- ments with supplemental lighting for 8-12 h·d^-1 significantly decreased defoliation rate and chlorisis index. As compared with supplemental lighting 0 h ·d^-1 ,defoliation rate of the treatments with supplemental lighting for 8-12 ·d^-1 were 35. 7%, 39. 19% and 26.08%,respectively. And chlorisis index were 0.25,0.28 and 0. 19,respectively. （2）With the extending supplement lighting time length,relative water content（RWC） of F. microcarpa leaves decreased significantly, while the specific leaf weight （SLW） in- creased significantly. The Chl a, Chl b, Chl（a＋ b）, carotenoid content, Chl a/b content, net photosynthetic rate（Pn） and stornatal conductance（Gs） increased with the extending supplement lighting time length and the treatments with supplemental lighting for 8--12 h ·d^-1 were significantly higher than that of other treatments. While intercellular CO2 （C1） decreased. （3）Correlation analysis indicated that a significant positive correlation was found between F. microcarpa leaf defoliation rate and chlorisis index during simulative storage. Defoliation rate and chlorisis index were significantly negatively correlated with chiorophyll content and Pn ,while they were significantly positively correlated with C1. And Pn. was significantly positively correlated with chiorophyll content and Ci. However it had an outstanding negative correlation to

关 键 词：人参榕 模拟贮运 补光时长 叶片生长 光合特性 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]