施肥对设施菜地土壤磷累积及淋失潜能的影响  

Effects of fertilization on the P accumulation and leaching in vegetable greenhouse soil

作　　者：赵亚杰[1,2] 赵牧秋[1,3] 鲁彩艳[1] 史奕[1] 陈欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]琼州学院,海南三亚572022

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第2期466-472,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101285);省科技厅项目(2014215016)资助

摘　　要：以不同肥力设施菜地土壤为研究对象,通过填装土柱模拟试验,研究不同施肥措施对磷素累积及淋溶的影响.结果表明：随着淋溶时间的延长,磷素淋溶量增加,但累积淋溶量较少,说明本试验中磷素淋溶损失的风险较小,主要累积在土体内的不同土层中.试验结束时,土壤肥力和施肥处理均显著影响不同土层中全磷和速效磷含量.与低肥力土壤相比,中肥力土壤全磷和速效磷增幅为14.3%和12.2%,高肥力土壤增幅为33.3%和37.7%.有机肥化肥混施处理（M＋NPK）土壤全磷含量显著高于单施化肥（NPK）和有机肥（M）处理,增幅分别为5.7%和4.3%;M及M＋NPK处理中速效磷含量显著高于NPK处理,增幅分别为13.0%和3.1%.10~20 cm土层全磷和速效磷含量最高,0~10和10~20 cm土层全磷和速效磷含量显著高于20~40 cm土层.A packed soil column experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different ferti- lization practices on phosphorus （P） accumulation and leaching potential in a vegetable greenhouse soil with different fertility levels. The results showed that the leaching loss of total P in the leachates elevated with the increment of leaching time while the accumulative leaching loss of total P was rela- tively low, indicating P was mainly accumulated in the soil instead of in the leachate. At the end of the leaching experiment, soil fertility and fertilization treatment affected the content of total phos- phorus and Olsen-P significantly. Compared with the low-level-fertility soil, the contents of total P and Olsen-P increased by 14.3% and 12.2% in the medium-level-fertility soil, 33.3% and 37.7% in the high-level-fertility soil. Total P in the combined application of poultry manure and chemical fertilizer （M＋NPK） was elevated by 5.7% and 4.3%, compared with the NPK and M treatment. Compared with NPK treatment, Olsen-P in M and M＋NPK treatments augmented by 13.0% and 3.1%, respectively. Soil total P and Olsen-P mainly accumulated in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers, and much less in the 20-40 cm soil layer.

关 键 词：设施菜地 磷素 淋溶 累积 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]