夏秋季南黄海冷水团小型底栖动物类群组成与分布  

Assemblage composition and distribution of meiofauna in the southern Yellow Sea cold water mass during summer and autumn

作　　者：许嫚[1] 刘晓收[1] 刘清河[1] 黄德铭[1] 原子皓 张志南[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第2期616-624,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(BS2013HZ008);中国海洋大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(201462008);科技基础性工作专项项目(2012FY112200)资助

摘　　要：为研究黄海冷水团对小型底栖动物的影响,分别于2013年6和11月,搭载＂东方红2号＂科学考察船对南黄海冷水团海域8个站位的小型底栖动物的类群组成、丰度、生物量及其与环境因子的关系进行研究.结果表明：2个航次的小型底栖动物平均丰度分别为900.8和758.4 ind·10 cm-2,平均生物量分别为886.9和615.7μg·10 cm-2.方差分析表明,两个季节8个站位间小型底栖动物的丰度和生物量均无显著差异.两个航次共鉴定出17个小型底栖动物类群,其中自由生活海洋线虫为最优势的类群,在两个航次中分别占总丰度的88.5%和94.0%.其他数量上较重要的类群还有底栖桡足类、多毛类、动吻类和介形类等.两个航次中分别有92.5%和95.4%的小型底栖动物分布在0~5 cm的表层沉积物内,线虫和桡足类分布在0~2 cm的比例分别为59.1%和78.2%.对小型底栖动物丰度和生物量、线虫和桡足类丰度与其沉积环境因子的相关分析表明,小型底栖动物的丰度和生物量与底层水温度和粉砂-粘土含量呈负相关,主要类群线虫的丰度也显示出同样的结果,另一主要类群桡足类的丰度与底层水温度、粉砂-粘土含量呈负相关,与中值粒径呈正相关.小型底栖动物群落类群组成与环境因子的BIOENV相关分析表明,小型底栖动物群落受底层水温度、底层水盐度、沉积物含水量、沉积物叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸含量的综合影响.In order to study the impact of the Yellow Sea cold water mass （YSCWM） on meiofau- na, the composition, abundance, biomass of meiofauna and their relationships with environmental variables were analyzed through the samples from 8 stations investigated by R/V ＇ Dongfanghong Ⅱ ＇in June and November, 2013. The results showed that the average abundances of meiofauna were 900.8 and 758.4 ind 10 cm-2, and biomasses were 886.9 and 615.7 μg · 10 cm-2 in June and November, 2013, respectively. Results of ANOVA showed that no significant differences of meiofaunal abundance and biomass were detected among the 8 stations in the two study cruises. A total of 17 meiofaunal groups were identified. The most dominant taxonomic group was free-living marine nematodes, with relative dominance of 88.5% in June and 94.0% in November. The follow- ing groups were also important, including benthic copepods, polychaetes, kinorhynchs and ostra- ends. Analysis of meiofaunal vertical distribution indicated that 92.5% and 95.4% of meiofauna dis- tributed in the top 5 cm of the sediment in the two study cruises, while 59.1% of nematodes and 78.2% of copepods were found in the top 2 cm of the sediment. Correlation analysis among meiofau- nal abundance and biomass, nematode and copepod abundance and environmental variables showed that meiofaunal abundance and biomass had significant negative correlations with bottom water tern-perature （BWT） and sediment silt-clay percentage. Copepod abundance also had significant nega- tive correlations with BWT and silt-clay percentage while it had significant positive correlation with sediment median diameter. The results of BIOENV indicated that BWT, bottom water salinity, sedi- ment water content, sediment chlorophyll a and phaeophorhide contents were the most important factors to influence meiofaunal assemblages.

关 键 词：小型底栖动物 自由生活海洋线虫 丰度 生物量 黄海冷水团 南黄海 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]