纵隔积气的病因及影像学分析  

Pneumomediastinum：etiology and imaging analysis

作　　者：范俊飞 

机构地区：[1]中山市东升医院影像科,广东中山528414

出　　处：《实用放射学杂志》2015年第2期212-214,共3页Journal of Practical Radiology

摘　　要：目的：探讨纵隔积气的病因及影像学表现。方法回顾性分析33例纵隔积气的病因及影像学表现。结果纵隔积气包括自发性积气和外伤性积气。自发性纵隔积气12例，原发疾病包括支气管哮喘2例，肺气肿2例，肺结核2例，肺间质性疾病1例，胆汁反流性胃炎1例，严重呕吐1例，剧烈咳嗽3例。外伤性纵隔积气21例，包括外伤性 Macklin 效应18例，外伤性气管破裂2例，食管破裂1例。纵隔积气常伴有肺间质积气、皮下积气、腹腔后积气。结论纵隔积气的病因多样化，影像学检查对探其病因有一定作用。Objective To evaluate imaging findings and causes of pneumomediastinum.Methods Imaging findings of pneumome-diastinum in 33 cases were analyzed retrospectively.Results Pneumomediastinum may secondary to spontaneous（n=12）or trauma （n=21）.Etiology of spontaneous pneumomediastinum included asthma（n=2）,pulmonary emphysema（n=2）,pulmonary tuberculo-sis（n=2）,pulmonary interstitial disease（n= 1 ）,bile reflux gastritis（n= 1 ）,severe vomiting（n= 1 ）and cough（n= 3 ）.Traumatic pneumomediastinum included traumatic Macklin effect（n= 18）,traumatic tracheobronchial disruption（n=2）,and oesophageal rup-ture（n=1 ）.Pneumomediastinum was accompanied by pulmonary interstitial emphysema and subcutaneous emphysema or retro-pneumoperitoneum.Conclusion Etiologies of pneumomediastinum are varied.Thoracic DR and CT may help in detection of etiology of pneumomediastinum.

关 键 词：纵隔积气 放射摄影术 计算机体层成像 

分 类 号：R564[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R814.41[医药卫生—内科学]