黄河内蒙古段河道冲淤对水沙的响应  

Responses of river sedimentation to water-sediment conditions in Inner Mongolia reach of upper Yellow River

作　　者：侯素珍[1] 王平[1] 郭秀吉 楚卫斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2015年第1期61-66,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助(2011CB403303);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB02B03)

摘　　要：针对黄河内蒙古河段淤积严重、成因复杂的状况,通过沙量平衡法、考虑支流来沙,采用统计和相关分析法,分析河段淤积过程和关键影响因子。研究表明,1952年以来,内蒙古巴彦高勒到头道拐河段经历了累计淤积-相对平衡-累计淤积的过程,淤积总量14.2302亿m3,其中7-10月淤积量占全年的81.9%,三湖河口以下淤积量占83.3%。上段巴彦高勒-三湖河口河段冲淤变化的主要影响因素是来流的水沙组合和风沙入黄量,不淤的临界条件是来沙系数小于0.007kg·s/m6。下段三湖河口-头道拐河段淤积的主要影响因素是孔兑来沙,维持不淤的临界条件是综合来沙系数小于0.005kg·s/m6,孔兑来沙量小于0.1亿t。从全河段看,十大孔兑来沙对河床淤积的影响最大。The Inner Mongolia reaches of the upper Yellow River is facing the situation of severe sediment deposition caused by complicated factors. The sediment deposition processes of those reaches were calculated using sediment balance method which takes into account the sand blew from the deserts on both bank and the incoming sediment from the branches. The key affecting factors were analyzed by correlation analysis method. The results show that since 1952 the BYGL-TDG reaches in Inner Mongolia underwent the processes of accumulative sediment deposition,then relative balance,and accumulative sediment deposition again. The total sedimentation is 14. 230 2 × 108m^3,of which the sedimentation quantity in July to October accounted for 81. 9% and that in the reaches from SHHK to TDG accounted for 83. 3%. The main affecting factor for the scouring and sedimentation of the reaches from BYGL to SHHK is the incoming water-sediment combination and the sand blew from the deserts. The critical conditions of non-scouring are the incoming sediment coefficient less than 0. 007 kg·s·m^- 6. The main affecting factor for the scouring and sediment deposition of the reaches from SHHK to TDG is the incoming sediment from the ten hyperconcentrated tributaries on the south bank. The critical conditions to maintain non-sedimentation status are the comprehensive incoming sediment coefficient less than 0. 005 kg·s·m^- 6,and the incoming sediment from the tributaries less than 0. 1 × 108 t. In general,the incoming sediment from the ten hyperconcentrated tributaries contributes the most to the sediment deposition.

关 键 词：黄河内蒙古河段 十大孔兑 冲淤量 来沙系数 响应 

分 类 号：TV147.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]