砾石对赣北红土工程锥状堆积体侵蚀规律的影响  

Effects of rock fragment on soil erosion rule of engineering pyramidal accumulation in Northern Jiangxi

作　　者：王雪松[1] 谢永生[1,2] 陈曦[3] 田飞[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2015年第1期67-74,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201201048;201201047)

摘　　要：以赣北红土为研究对象,通过组合不同砾石质量百分数(0%、10%、20%、30%)、不同降雨强度(1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5mm/min)的室内模拟试验,对开发建设项目中散乱锥状堆积体的产流产沙规律进行研究。结果表明,在相同降雨强度下,含砾石堆积体(10%、20%、30%)的产流时间要明显小于不含砾石堆积体(0%)的产流时间;砾石对径流率的影响不明显,但径流率与降雨强度有明显的正相关关系;在降雨强度≥1.5mm/min的条件下,四种砾石含量堆积体的侵蚀速率在一场60min的降雨中主要经历"浮土冲刷"、"形成结皮"、"可蚀性泥沙减少"和"结皮破坏"四个阶段;一场降雨后堆积体总产沙量随砾石质量百分数的变化依次为0%<10%<20%<30%,砾石能够促进堆积体的坡面侵蚀。In this study,the laterite of Northern Jiangxi was selected as research objects. Through conducting rain simulation experiments which used deionized water under different mass percentage of gravel（ 0%,10%,20%,30%）. Different rainfall intensities（ 1. 0,1. 5,2. 0,2. 5mm / min）,and the effects of rock fragment on soil erosion rule of engineering pyramidal accumulation were discussed. The results show that the contributing time of the pyramidal accumulation could be reduced under the same rainfall intensity if gravels present.While the relationship between the runoff rate and the mass percentage of gravel was inconspicuous. The runoff rate increased as the rainfall intensity did. When the rainfall intensity ≥1. 5mm / min,these four types of engineering pyramidal accumulation mainly experienced four stages： the erosion of surface soil,the formation of soil crust,the reduction of erodible soil,and the destruction of soil crust,in a rain that lasted 60 min. The presentation of gravels could increase the total sediment yield,in other words,the larger the mass percentage of gravel was,the more sediment was yielded.

关 键 词：赣北红土 模拟降雨 降雨强度 侵蚀 砾石含量 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]