嫁接诱导茄子根际拮抗菌对黄萎菌的降解作用  

Degradation of Antagonistic Microbes Induced by Grafting to Verticillium dahliae in Rhizosphere of Eggplants

作　　者：尹玉玲[1] 谢启鑫[1] 汤泳萍[1] 周劲松[1] 罗绍春[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第1期159-162,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460514);江西省青年科学基金项目(20142BAB214015);江西省农业科学院创新基金博士启动项目(2013CBS003)

摘　　要：本文研究了嫁接后茄子不同生育时期根际黄萎菌数量的变化,明确嫁接后茄子根际黄萎菌数量与抗病性的关系,并研究了嫁接诱导的茄子根际黄萎菌拮抗菌株X631和Z111对土壤黄萎菌数量的降解效果,进而分析了拮抗菌株对黄萎菌菌株的作用机理。结果表明,嫁接均降低了茄子不同发育时期土壤黄萎菌数量,且与病情指数变化一致;两拮抗菌株降低了茄子根际黄萎菌数量,降低效果较药剂处理略高;并发现拮抗菌菌株抑制了黄萎菌的孢子萌发和菌丝生长,对孢子萌发的抑制作用较强。试验结果表明,拮抗菌通过抑制黄萎菌孢子的萌发降低了土壤黄萎菌的数量,认为嫁接通过诱导茄子根际拮抗菌产生而降低土壤黄萎菌数量是嫁接茄子抗病增产的机理之一。The amount of Verticillium dahliae in the rhizosphere of eggplants was investigated to clarify its relationship with disease resistance in different growth stages. And the degradations of antagonistic microbes X631 and Z111 to Verticillium dahliae in the rhizosphere of eggplants were also studied,moreover,the inhibitory action mechanisms of X631 and Z111 to Verticillium dahlia were analyzed. The results showed that grafting reduced the amount of Verticillium dahliae in every growth stages,the trend of which was consistent with the change of disease index. Two strains reduced the amount of Verticillium dahliae in the rhizosphere of eggplants,and their effects were higher than that of Germicide treatment. Spore germination and mycelial growth of Verticillium dahliae were inhibited by two strains,and higher inhibitory effect appeared in spore germination,which meant that antagonistic microbes inhibited the spore germination of Verticillium dahliae to reduce their amount in rhizosphere of eggplants. It was also illuminated that one of the mechanisms of grafted eggplant with stronger resistance was antagonistic microbes induced by grafting to control the amount of Verticillium dahliae in rhizosphere of eggplants.

关 键 词：嫁接 茄子 拮抗菌 黄萎菌 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]