氮、磷、硅肥对特种稻直链淀粉含量、垩白粒率、整精米率的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Silicon Fertilizer on Special Rice Amylose Content,Chalky Rice Rate and Milled Rice Rate

作　　者：谢必武[1] 张凤龙[1] 晏承兴 张甲 邹永翠[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡职业学院,重庆万州404155 [2]重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆万州404155

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第1期232-239,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目中高山水稻新品种三峡香9号选育及应用(KJ131901)

摘　　要：以优质特种稻‘瑞市9号’为材料,采用三元二次正交回归旋转组合设计,研究了氮、磷、硅肥施用对瑞市9号米质的影响,建立了稻米品质与3种肥料的回归模型。结果表明,氮、磷、硅3种肥料对直链淀粉含量影响的大小为P主效〉N主效〉Si主效,对垩白粒率影响的大小为P主效〉N主效〉Si主效,对整精米率影响的大小为P主效〉Si主效〉N主效,磷肥是影响直链淀粉含量、垩白粒率、整精米率的主要因素;磷—硅之间对垩白粒率的影响存在明显的互作效应;在本试验条件下的最佳氮、磷、硅肥组合方案为：氮肥156.3~217.5 kg/hm2、磷肥221.25~323.7 kg/hm2、硅肥108.0~144.15 kg/hm2;按此肥料运筹,有95%的把握可达到直链淀粉含量在16.64%以上、垩白粒率低于9.04%、整精米率在61.43%以上的瑞市9号稻米品质。此研究为生产上大面积推广、优化氮、磷、硅肥的施用和获得优质稻米提供了的科学依据。Taken the special quality rice‘Ruishi 9＇as tested materials,the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,silicon fertilizer on rice quality of‘ Ruishi 9 ＇were studied by three two quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combination design,and the regression model of rice quality and three kinds of fertilizer were established. The results showed that the effects of three kinds of fertilizers（ nitrogen,phosphorus,silicon） on the amylose contents were in order of P main effect N main effect Si main effect,the chalky grain rates were P main effect N main effect Si main effect,the rates of head milled rice size were P main effect Si main effect N main effect,and phosphate fertilizer was the main factor affecting the straight chain starch content,chalky rice rate and milled rice rate; There was significant interaction effect on the percentage of chalky grain between phosphorus and silicon; Under the condition of this experiment,the optimum combination plans of nitrogen,phosphorus and silicon fertilizer were as followed ： nitrogenous was 156. 30-217. 50 kg / hm2,phosphate 221. 25-323.70 kg / hm2,silicon 108. 00-144. 15 kg/hm2,which would get a 95 % chance to amylose content in 16. 64 % above,chalky grain rate was less than 9. 04 %,and head milled rice rate more than 61. 43 % of the Ruishi 9 rice quality. This study would provide the scientific basis for the production of large area popularization,optimization of nitrogen,phosphorus,silicon fertilizer application and obtaining high quality rice.

关 键 词：肥料运筹 瑞市9号 品质 优化施肥 

分 类 号：S511.06[农业科学—作物学]