荒漠草原5种禾本科牧草光合特性及其影响因子研究  

Photosynthetic Characteristics and Main Influence Factors of Five Kinds of Forage Grass in Desert Steppe

作　　者：岳淑芳[1] 刘彩凤 许冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏盐池县畜牧技术推广服务中心,宁夏盐池751500

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第1期390-396,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201304311)

摘　　要：比较分析了荒漠草原5种禾本科牧草光合生理特性及其主要影响因子。结果表明:5种牧草净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(E)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)日变化均呈双峰曲线,并且均以沙生冰草最高,蒙农杂交冰草最低,品种间达到显著差异水平(P<0.05),气孔限制导致了5种牧草存在不同程度的光合"午休"现象;5种牧草光饱和点(LSP)、光补偿点(LCP)、表观量资产额(AQY)、羧化效率(CE)表现为:沙生冰草>新麦草>沙芦草>无芒雀麦>蒙农杂交冰草,Chl a和Chl b含量大小表现为相同规律;5种牧草净光合速率受生理、生态因子的影响不同,其中主要影响因子为蒸腾速率(E)、水分利用效率(WUE)和气孔限制值(Ls);5种牧草光合作用对光照强度(PAR)、CO2浓度和温度等单一生态因子水平变化的响应均可以用二次方程来描述。综合分析比较,沙生冰草对光的适应性很强,是一种较耐旱的强光性植物,可作为荒漠草原区推广种植的优良牧草。Photosynthetic characteristics and the main influence factors of five kinds of forage grass were studied comparatively in desert steppe. The results showed that the responsive curves of photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,transpiration rate（ E）,stomatal conductance（ Gs）,intercellular CO2concentration（ Ci） of five kinds of forage grass performed double-peak,Agropyron desertorum was the highest,A gropyon cristatum × A. desertorum cv Hycrest Mengnong the lowest,but there were significant differences among five kinds of forage grass（ P 0.05）,while stomatal limitation resulted in different levels of photosynthetic‘lunch break＇phenomenon; The light saturation point（ LSP）,light compensation point（ LCP）,apparent assets（ AQY）,carboxylation efficiency（ CE） of five kinds of forage grass were： Agropyron desertorum Psathyrostachys Nevski Agropyron mongolicum Bromus inermis Leyss A gropyon cristatum × A. desertorum cv. Hycrest Mengnong,and the changes of contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b had a same regular pattern; Photosynthetic rate（ Pn） was affected by physiological and ecological factors,of which main influence factors were rate（ E）,water use efficiency（ WUE） and stomatal limitation（ Ls）. The changes of photosynthetic active radiation（ PAR）,CO2 concentration and air temperature of five kinds of forage grass could be described with quadratic equations. Based on comprehensive analysis,it was concluded that Agropyron desertorum had wider adaptability for light and could be used as good forage planting on desert steppe.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 禾本科牧草 光合特性 生理研究 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]