东江流域地表水文过程演变特征及其影响因素探讨  

Hydrological Variations of the East River Basin and Related Underlying Causes

作　　者：黎坤[1] 江涛[1] 林波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学水资源与环境系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《人民珠江》2015年第1期13-19,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目号:41371055);2011年度广东省水利科技创新项目

摘　　要：利用Mann-Kendall趋势检验法等统计方法,系统分析了东江流域的4个控制水文站的长系列实测降雨径流资料,探讨了东江流域降雨径流的演变特征及人类活动的影响。研究结果表明：东江流域春季在降雨没有明显增加趋势的情况下,各站的径流量却有明显的增大趋势,而夏季在降雨没有明显减少的情况下,各测站的径流量却有明显的减少趋势,这种降雨径流变化趋势不一致的主要原因是人类修建的大型水利工程影响所致;1958和1974年前后,博罗、岭下、河源站和龙川站降雨和径流集中度发生分化,是由于东江流域水利工程的建设改变了天然情况下的降雨~径流关系,特别对秋冬季节的降雨径流关系改变最大;东江实测年径流量均值在1972年发生了一次突变,由持续减少变为持续增加,造成这次变异的原因是新丰江水库和枫树坝水库调节影响。Using the Mann- Kendall trend test technique, we analyzed the long term streamflow and precipitation series of the East River basin, investigating the streamflow and precipitation changes and also the influences from human activities particularly the hydraulic facilities. The results indicate that：（ 1） Precipitation in spring is in moderate changes, however the streamflow at these four hydrological stations, i. e. Longchuan, Heyuan, Lingxia, Boluo stations, are in evident increase; meanwhile, summer precipitation is also in moderate changes and the streamflow of the East River basin is in significant decreasing trends. These inconsistent changes of precipitation and streamflow should be attributed to the storing effects of the water reservoirs;（ 2） about 1958 and 1974, the concentration degree of the precipitation and streamflow is divergent at the Boluo, Lingxia and Heyuan stations. Thus, it is believed that the hydraulic facilities greatly alter the hydrological processes and modify the precipitation vs. streamflow relations of the East River basin;（ 3）hydrological alterations are detected for the annual streamflow in the East River in 1972 being reflected by significant decrease of annual streamflow. The hydrological alterations of the annual streamflow of the East River also point to the buffering effects of the Xinfengjiang and Fengshuba water reservoirs.

关 键 词：水文变异 降水变化 水资源管理 人类活动影响 东江流域 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]