荆门地区2010年-2012年手足口病病原学检测结果分析  

Analysis of etiological monitoring results of HFMD in Jingmen during 2010 to 2012

作　　者：李旦[1] 陈天林[1] 付华娥[1] 唐明辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]荆门市疾病预防控制中心,湖北荆门448000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第4期574-578,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的探讨荆门地区2010年-2012年手足口病病原学特征。方法采用real-time RT-PCR方法,对荆门地区618例手足口病儿童的778份标本进行肠道病毒71型（EV71）、柯萨奇病毒A组16型（CVA16）以及肠道病毒通用型（EV）的核酸检测。结果 2010年-2012年手足口病肠道病毒阳性率为65.86%,病原体分别以EV71、EV71和CVA16为主,此外有4例CVA16和EV71混合感染。不同类型样本肠道病毒阳性率均超过50%。核酸检测阳性以1岁~3岁儿童最为集中（阳性构成比为83.04%）;男女手足口病病毒阳性率分别为68.22%和62.45%,差异无统计学意义（χ2=2.211,P〉0.05）。荆门市直阳性率最低（53.89%）,与其他3个地区比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=18.993,P〈0.05）。4例重症患儿和1例死亡患儿由EV71感染引起。结论 2010年-2012年荆门地区手足口病病原体以EV71和其他EV为主,EV71是引起手足口病重症和死亡的主要病原;咽、肛拭子混合液作为一种新的手足口病标本类型具有较好的应用前景。Objective To investigate the pathogen characteristics of Hand- foot- mouth disease（ HFMD） from 2010 to 2012.Methods A total of 778 specimens from 618 clinically diagnosed cases with HFMD were collected from Jingmen area. Enterovirus viruses 71（ EV71）,coxasckie virus A16（ CVA16） and the generic enterovirus were detected by real- time RT- PCR analysis. Results The positive rate of the enterovirus was 65. 86% from 2010 to 2012,EV71,EV71 and CVA16 were the predominant pathogens,in addition 4 cases were mixing infected by EV71 and CVA16,and the positive rates of different types of samples were all more than 50%. The positive cases by laboratory tests were mainly distributed in 1 ~ 3 years old children（ accounted for 83. 04%） and 68. 22% for male and 62. 45% for female,respectively. This difference,however,was not statistically significant（ χ2= 2. 211,P 0. 05）. The positive rates of the enterovirus（53. 89%） were lowest in Jingmen with statistical meanings（ χ2= 18. 993,P 0. 05）. The lowest positive rate was Shizhi,Jingmen（53. 89%）,and compared with other three districts,the differences were statistically significant（ χ2= 18. 993,P 0. 05）. Four severe patients children and one fatal patient child were infected by EV71. Conclusion The predominant pathogens of HFMD were EV71 and other EV in Jingmen area during 2010 to 2012,while EV71 was the predominant pathogens for severe and death cases. The mixed sample of pharyngeal swab and anal swab as a new kind of sample has broad prospects in the future.

关 键 词：手足口病 病原学监测 肠道病毒71型 柯萨奇病毒A组16型 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]