松鼠分子生态学研究进展  

Research progress on molecular ecology of Sciurus vulgaris

作　　者：刘铸[1,2] 田新民[1] 陈欢[1] 国会艳[1,2] 金建丽[1] 张晓军[1] 

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011 [2]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第3期958-964,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C201138);黑龙江省教育厅青年学术骨干项目(1252G060);黑龙江省高等学校科技创新团队(森林啮齿动物生态及危害控制)攻关课题资助

摘　　要：松鼠由于受到非法猎捕、栖息地破坏及欧洲部分地区的北美灰松鼠生态入侵,导致种群数量锐减,现已被世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)列为近危种,我国吉林省已将其列入省重点保护野生动物名录.分子生物学研究方法的快速发展,尤其是基于mtDNA片段开展的相关研究,以及已筛选出并能应用于松鼠研究的微卫星位点的应用,使松鼠分子生态学研究不断深入.本文对松鼠的分子系统发育、遗传多样性和分子系统地理学等分子生态学内容进行了综述,并提出松鼠分子生态学未来研究的展望:进一步探讨松鼠与日本松鼠的系统分化关系;松鼠连续种群、隔离种群和集合种群的遗传多样性比较分析;利用核基因其他标记分析松鼠分子系统地理学问题;探讨亚洲是否存在第四纪冰期避难所.Today,the main threats for Sciurus vulgaris are illegal hunting,deforestation,and subsequent population fragmentation,combined with interspecific competition from S. carolinensis in some regions of Europe,which has led to a sharp reduction in the number of population. S. vulgaris has been listed as Near Threatened IUCN Red List and included in key protected wild animals in Jilin Province,China. The molecular ecology of S. vulgaris is developing rapidly with the rapid development of molecular biology methods. In particular,the research of mt DNA fragments and the application squirrel study microsatellite loci has further promoted the molecular ecology of S. vulgaris. In this study,the molecular phylogeny,the genetic diversity and the molecular phylogeography involving the molecular ecology of S. vulgaris were reviewed. Four areas for the future development in molecular ecology of S. vulgaris were proposed： 1） to further explore the molecular phylogeny relationship between S. vulgaris and S. lis; 2） the comparative analysis of the genetic diversity of S. vulgaris for continuous populations,isolated populations and metapopulation; 3） the analysis of molecular phylogeography of S. vulgaris based on other markers of nuclear; 4） to explore whether there existed the quaternary glacial refuge in Asia.

关 键 词：松鼠 分子系统发育 遗传多样性 分子系统地理学 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]