煤矸石空心球多孔材料的制备及性能研究  

Research on Preparation and Properties of Coal Gangue Hollow Sphere Porous Materials

作　　者：吕瑞芳[1] 苏振国[2] 刘炜[1] 杨金龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051 [2]清华大学材料学院,北京100084

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第2期71-77,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：科技部创新方法工作专项(2011IM030800);山西省科技重大专项(20111101015);国家自然科学基金(51172120)资助项目

摘　　要：以煤矸石空心球和玻璃粉为主要原料,加入发泡剂碳酸钙(Ca CO3)及其他辅助添加剂,采用化学发泡法,经低温烧结成功制备煤矸石空心球多孔陶瓷材料,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明,随着烧结温度的升高,样品的表观密度明显下降,当烧结温度为670℃时所制备样品的表观密度已降低为190 kg/m3;多孔陶瓷材料的孔径随着烧结温度升高逐渐增大,样品的平均体积吸水率呈现先降低后小幅度升高的变化趋势;同时,表观密度对热导率影响很大,当试样表观密度为520 kg/m3时,其热导率为0.103 W/(m·K),随着试样表观密度的降低,其热导率呈明显的下降趋势,试样表观密度减小到190 kg/m3时,其热导率降至0.037 W/(m·K);以煤矸石为原料制得性能优异的多孔材料,为煤矸石的综合利用开辟了一个新的途径,具有显著的环境效益、经济效益和社会效益。Porous ceramic material is prepared by means of chemically foaming process and taking coal gangue hollow sphere and glass powder as the main raw material, using calcium carbonate（CaCO3） as foaming agent and the properties of porous ceramic materials are investigated. The experimental results show that homogenous microstructures of large pores could be obtained by adding carbonates and the apparent density decreased obviously with increasing the sintering temperature, apparent density values of 190 kg/m3 at a low sintering temperature （670℃）; the diameter of the porous gradually increases with increasing the sintering temperature, the water absorption decreased firstly and then has a small rise .In addition, the apparent density has a great influence on thermal conductivity, with the apparent density change from 520 kg/m3 to 190 kg/m3, the coefficient of thermal conductivity is obvious downtrend from 0.103 W/（m·K） to 0.037 W/（m·K）. The results of this study could initiate a new way for utilization of coal gangue to achieve significant environmental, economic and social benefits.

关 键 词：煤矸石空心球 多孔陶瓷 表观密度 热导率 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]