64组家庭人畜共患皮肤癣菌病分析  

Analysis of zoonotic dermatophytoses in 64 family-based groups

作　　者：夏修蛟[1] 刘泽虎[1] 沈宏[1] 许爱娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市第三人民医院皮肤科,310009

出　　处：《中华皮肤科杂志》2015年第3期154-157,共4页Chinese Journal of Dermatology

摘　　要：目的 了解人畜共患皮肤癣菌病病原菌分布及流行病学情况.方法 收集患者和所养宠物均培养出皮肤癣菌的64组病例,按家庭分组进行调查分析,同时运用ITS序列测定和随机扩增DNA多态性（RAPD）进行分子鉴定,分析两者的同源性.结果 64组组内均培养出同一菌种,共分离出146株菌,菌种为犬小孢子菌（93株）或指（趾）间毛癣菌（53株）,其中42组分离出犬小孢子菌（65.7％）,22组分离出指（趾）间毛癣菌（34.3％）.14个养兔组、6个养猫组、2个养狗组均培养出指（趾）间毛癣菌,34个养猫组、8个养狗组培养出犬小孢子菌.有明显临床症状（红斑脱屑、脱毛等）的宠物54只（75.0％）,无明显症状的18只（25.0％,全部是猫）.18只无症状猫中,14只培养出犬小孢子菌,4只培养出指（趾）间毛癣菌.ITS序列测定和RAPD显示组内病原菌间具有高度同源性.结论 犬小孢子菌和指（趾）间毛癣菌是人畜共患皮肤癣菌病的主要病原菌,两者具有宿主特异性,人畜传播是人畜共患皮肤癣菌病的传播途径,应重视无临床症状动物（携带者）.Objective To investigate the distribution and epidemiology of fungal pathogens in zoonotic dermatophytoses.Methods Seventy-four patients with dermatophytoses and 72 pets from 64 families,who were all culture positive for dermatophytes,were included in this study and classified into 64 family-based groups.Fungal culture and direct microscopic examination were carried out for species identification of fungal isolates,internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequence analysis and random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） analysis were performed for molecular identification and homology analysis.Results Dermatophyte species were consistent among the patients and pets from the same families for all the 64 family-based groups.A total of 146 fungal strains were isolated,including 93 Microsporum canis （M.canis） strains and 53 Trichophyton interdigitale （T.interdigitale） strains.M.canis was isolated from 42 （65.7%） family-based groups including 34 groups keeping cats and 8 groups keeping dogs,while T.interdigitale from 22 （34.3%） groups,including 14 groups keeping rabbits,6 groups keeping cats and 2 groups keeping dogs.There were 54 （75.0%） pets with obvious clinical symptoms （erythema,desquamation,depilation,etc）,and 18 （25.0%） asymptomatic pets which were all cats.Among the 18 asymptomatic cats,14 carried M.canis,and 4 T.interdigitale.ITS sequencing and RAPD analysis revealed a high homology between the fungal pathogens in the same family-based groups.Conclusions M.canis and T.interdigitale are common species of dermatophytes in zoonotic dermatophytoses,and both of them have host specificity.Zoonotic dermatophytes can be transmitted between human and domestic animals,and attention should be paid to asymptomatic animals （carriers）.

关 键 词：癣 小孢子菌属 发癣菌属 宠物 随机扩增多态DNA技术 动物传染病 

分 类 号：R756[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]