不同气团对广东鹤山大气超级监测站单颗粒气溶胶理化特征的影响  

The Influence of Different Air Masses on the Single Particle Aerosol Physical and Chemical Characteristics in Heshan Atmospheric Supersite of Guangdong

作　　者：陈多宏[1,2] 何俊杰[3,4] 张国华[2] 王伯光[3] 李梅[3] 沈劲[1] 张涛[1] 毕新慧[2] 钟流举[1] 张干[2] 吕小明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省环境监测中心国家环境保护区域空气质量监测重点实验室,广东广州510308 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东广州510640 [3]暨南大学,广东广州510632 [4]广州市环境监测中心站,广东广州510030

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2015年第1期63-69,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201409009)

摘　　要：大气气溶胶对健康、环境和气候具有重要影响,研究其理化特征能阐明灰霾的成因及机理,对科学调控大气环境具有重要意义。以广东江门鹤山大气超级监测站为观测平台,使用单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪(SPAMS)和气团后向轨迹综合分析了单颗粒气溶胶的理化特征,揭示了气团轨迹对颗粒物浓度、类型和化学成分的影响。单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪在2012年5月11日至7月31日,共采集了约600万个同时含有粒径和质谱信息的颗粒,它们主要可分为8类:有机碳颗粒(OC)、元素碳颗粒(EC)、元素-有机碳混合颗粒(ECOC)、富钾颗粒(K-rich)、大分子有机碳颗粒(HMOC)、海盐颗粒(Na-K)、金属颗粒(Metal)和富硅颗粒(Si-rich)。各类颗粒的质谱特征在一定程度上反映了颗粒的来源:EC颗粒来自一次污染源;K-rich颗粒主要来自与生物质燃烧有关的过程;Na-K颗粒来自于海盐碎沫;Metal颗粒主要来自工业源或火力发电;Si-rich颗粒则主要来自扬尘。8类颗粒中普遍存在的二次成分表明它们都经历了一定程度的大气老化过程。采样期间每隔6 h绘制一条气团后向轨迹图,聚类分析发现这些气团后向轨迹主要有5类:第1类占总轨迹数的14.1%,它代表由内陆经广州、佛山到达采样点的气团;第2类占总轨迹数的10.2%,它代表沿东南部大陆海岸线到达采样点的气团;第3类和第5类在气团后向轨迹中占的比例最高,分别为30.0%和36.8%,它们都来自南海海面,但第3类气团经珠海、澳门到达采样点,而第5类则经阳江到达采样点;第4类占总轨迹数的8.8%,这类气团途经深圳、东莞到达采样点。单颗粒数据结合气团后向轨迹进行统计分析表明:经广州、佛山到达采样点的气团会带来高浓度的颗粒物污染,且颗粒的老化程度较高,而发源于南海海面的气团能带来新鲜海风,对鹤山的大气污染起稀释作用;在颗粒类别上,途经广州、佛山、东莞、深圳这些�Atmospheric aerosols have an important influence on health, environment and climate. The physicochemical characteristics of aerosols can provide information on the origin and formation mechanism of haze, and therefore it is important to study their characteristics for air pollution control. In this study, we carried out our field observation in Heshan atmospheric supersite of Guangdong by using single particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry（SPAMS）. The size and chemical composition of single particle aerosol were characterized, and the influence of air-mass trajectories on particles concentration, type and chemical composition were discussed. About 6 million particles with both size and ion spectra were analyzed by SPAMS during May 11 to July 31, 2012. All particles were classified into eight major classes, consisting of organic carbon（OC）, elemental carbon（EC）, internally mixed elemental-organic carbon（ECOC）, K-rich, high mass organic carbon（HMOC）, sea salt（Na-K）, metal and Si-rich particle types. The mass spectra patterns show： EC particles originate from direct emission; K-rich particles originate mainly from biomass burning;Na-K particles originate from sea salt; Metal particles originate mainly from industrial manufacture or coal-fired power; Si-rich particles originate from dust. All particles contained some secondary components, indicating the aging process. Backward air-mass trajectories were calculated every 6 hours during the sampling period. Cluster analysis show that these trajectories can be classified into 4 clusters： 14.1% air-mass trajectories arrived from inland via Guangzhou and Foshan（cluster 1）; 10.2% air-mass trajectories arrived from Mainland southeast coastline（cluster 2）; cluster 3 and cluster 5 accounted for 30.0% and 36.8% of total air-mass trajectories, respectively. Both of them arrived from South China Sea, cluster 3 landed in Zhuhai and Macao, but cluster 5 landed in Yangjiang. 8.8% air-mass trajectories from Dongguan and Shenzhen were classified as clu

关 键 词：单颗粒气溶胶 污染物来源分析 后向轨迹 SPAMS 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]