重金属捕集剂在电镀重金属废水中的应用研究  

Application of chelating agents for heavy metal removal from electroplating effluent

作　　者：潘思文[1] 仇康 孙同华[1] 张宏波[1] 贾金平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240 [2]南京新城实业有限公司,江苏南京210047

出　　处：《现代化工》2015年第2期61-65,共5页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51278295);国家自然科学基金(21377083)

摘　　要：针对传统化学沉淀方法处理实际电镀综合废水中重金属离子无法达标的问题,选取了3种市售重金属捕集剂对实际电镀废水中的Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+进行同步深度处理,采用红外光谱分析仪对3种捕集剂的分子结构进行表征,并比较了三者对电镀废水中重金属离子的处理效果。结果发现,三聚硫氰酸三钠(Trimercaptotriazine,简称TMT)对Cu2+的去除效果最为显著,投加量少且效果稳定,但对Ni2+的去除效果较差。在二硫代氨基甲酸盐类(Dithiocarbamate,简称DTC)捕集剂中,Me2DTC(Me=—CH3)的适用性最强,对3种重金属离子均具有良好的去除效果,可达到《电镀废水排放标准》(GB 21900—2008)中表3的排放标准,且在p H=9.70时,处理效果最佳;Et2DTC(Et=—CH2CH3)对Ni2+的去除效果不佳,表明DTC分子结构中的取代基种类不同,可能会对Ni2+的捕集效果产生较大影响。Chemical precipitation method shows less effectiveness in decreasing heavy metals to the emission standard level. To solve this problem, chelation method is introduced in this study. Three commercial chelating agents are characterized by FFIR. Their performances of simultaneously removing Cu2＋ ,Zn2＋ and Ni2＋ in the electroplating effluent are investigated with atomic absorption spectroscopy （AAS）. It is found that trimercaptotriazine （TMT） shows remarkable effectiveness in removing Cu2＋ , but fails to remove Ni2＋. Dimethyldithiocarbamate （ Me2DTC ） performs excellently in removing all of the three heavy metals. The concentrations of them all reach the most strict emission standard when pH is 9. 70. Diethyldithiocarbamate （Et2DTC） has poor efficiency in Ni2＋ removal, which is quite different from Me2DTC, although they both belong to DTC chelating agents. It indicates that the difference in the substituent group may have great influence on Ni2＋ removal.

关 键 词：电镀综合废水 重金属捕集剂 DTC TMT 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]