以回回之法,占中朝之命——薛凤祚对阿拉伯星占学的研究与应用  

Calculating the Fate of Chinese Dynasties by the Islamic Method:Xue Fengzuo's Study and Application of Arabic Astrology

作　　者：朱浩浩[1] 石云里[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,合肥230026

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2015年第1期1-12,共12页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:11173022)

摘　　要：洪武十六年(1383年)翻译完成的《天文书》是第一部、也是唯一一部系统介绍阿拉伯星占术的中文著作。前人认为,直到明末清初,在欧洲天文学与星占学传入的刺激之下,人们才开始关注此书,而当时关注的目的主要是寻求西学之源或与欧洲星占学进行比较。通过研究17世纪传播西方星占学的关键人物薛凤祚,我们发现,《天文书》不仅是引导薛凤祚学习欧洲星占学的桥梁,而且一直被他作为与欧洲星占学相互补充的星占学知识来源,最后还被他用到对中国王朝命运的实际占验之中。他的这些工作表明,《天文书》和回回星占学在中国的影响大大超出了此前学者的估计。In 1383, Tianwen Shu（Books on Celestial Patterns） was translated by a group of Muslim scholars. It turned out to be the first and only source of Arabic astrology available to Chinese readers. Previous studies have indicated that Chinese interest in the book was aroused by the arrival of European astronomy and astrology in China during the 17^th century, and that such an interest was limited to history-tracing and knowledge-comparison accompanying the reception of European astrolo- gy, rather than practical use. Through an analysis of the works of Xue Fengzuo, the key Chinese fig- ure in the introduction of European astrology in the 17^th century, we find that such a depiction is quite inaccurate. Not only was Arabic astrology a bridge which led Xue Fengzuo to the study of Euro- pean astrology, it was also treated by him as an important supplement to the latter. Moreover, he e- ven tried to develop some methods introduced in the book and apply them to the calculation of the fate of Chinese dynasties. His works indicate that the influence of the Tianwen Shu and Arabic astrol- ogy in China was far more profound than previously believed.

关 键 词：天文学史 薛凤祚 《天文书》 阿拉伯星占 欧洲星占 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] P1-09[天文地球—天文学]