北海市急性中毒过程的特点分析  

Analysis on the characteristics of the acute poisoning processes in Beihai city

作　　者：刘青华 

机构地区：[1]北海市卫生局,广西536000

出　　处：《中国临床新医学》2015年第2期120-124,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE

基　　金：北海市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(编号:北科合201203058)

摘　　要：目的探讨北海市急性中毒过程的特点。方法采用流行病学调查方法,调查了市、县、乡10个三级医疗单位2005-01～2012-12的2 127例急性中毒住院患者,并对相关资料进行分类分析。结果在2 127例中毒患者中,中毒地点以发生在家里、学校、工作场地、餐馆、娱乐场所与其他场地的病例数各占86.63%、0.24%、5.37%、3.25%、1.46%、3.06%;中毒途径以经口、呼吸、皮肤中毒病例数各占68.47%、19.01%、12.52%;中毒原因以意外性、自杀性、误食性、医疗性、职业性、他杀性、其他原因中毒的病例数各占36.05%、25.65%、15.20%、7.06%、2.45%、0.24%、13.35%。其中以家里、经口、意外性与自杀性中毒为中毒过程的4个主要特点。进一步分析这4个特点的中毒原因与毒物,其中家里中毒的主要原因与毒物为意外性与农药类中毒病例数最多,各占同类病例数的33.33%、29.18%;经口中毒的主要原因与毒物为自杀性与农药类中毒病例数最多,各占同类病例数的36.70%、31.99%;进一步分析意外性与自杀性中毒的主要毒物,以化学类与农药类毒物中毒病例数为多（各占同类原因总病例数的44.39%、68.62%）。结论北海地区以家里中毒、经口中毒与意外、自杀性原因中毒为急性中毒过程的突出特点,应针对这些特点采取针对性地防控对策。Objective To study the characteristics of the acute poisoning processes in Beihai city. Methods By the epidemiological study,the 2 127 cases of all-kind-acute poisoning were surveyed from 10 hospitals of the city,county and township in Beihai city. The classification analysis was made by collecting the relevant data of poisoning processes of the cases. Results In all the 2 127 cases,the numbers of poisoning in the poisoning sites of home,school,workplace,restaurants,entertainment and other places accounted for 86. 63%,0. 24%,5. 37%,3. 25%,1. 46% and 3. 06% of cases,through the poisoning ways of mouth,respiratory,skin for 68. 47%,19. 01%,12. 52%of cases,and by the poisoning causes of accident,suicide,feeding,medicine,occupation,he-killed,and other for36. 05%,25. 65%,15. 20%,7. 06%,2. 45%,0. 24% and 13. 35% of cases,respectively. In the results,the characteristics of poisoning processes of the home,mouth,accident and suicide were main. Further analyzing the causes and poisons of the characteristics,the numbers caused by the accident and pesticides in the home poisoning accounted for 33. 33% and 29. 18% of same cases,by the suicide and pesticides in the mouth poisoning for 36. 70%and 31. 99%,and by the chemistry and pesticides in the accident and suicide poisoning for 44. 39% and 68. 62% of same cases,respectively. Conclusion The home,mouth,accident and suicide poisoning in Beihai city are main characteristics of the poisoning processes. The prevention and control countermeasures should be taken on the basis of these characteristics.

关 键 词：急性中毒 中毒过程 中毒地点 中毒途径 中毒原因 

分 类 号：R595[医药卫生—内科学]