超疏水高分子材料表面的微结构设计及其可调的黏附性  

Design of Microstructures on Superhydrophobic Polymeric Surfaces with Tunable Adhesion

作　　者：陈安伏 黄汉雄[1] 关伟盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学塑料橡胶装备及智能化研究中心,广州510640

出　　处：《高分子学报》2015年第3期245-251,共7页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(基金号20120172110001)资助项目

摘　　要：采用微注射压缩技术,以单步模板法制备表面具有微结构的大尺寸聚丙烯样品.以2种目数不同的筛网为模板,制备的样品表面呈现由微棱和高纵横比的微锥体构成的双级复合微结构;构建由上述2种筛网与2种孔径不同的冲孔板叠加而成的4种模板,制备的样品表面呈现由均匀分布的微柱和其顶面的上述双级复合微结构构成的三级复合微结构.这6种表面的静态接触角均高于150°(即呈现超疏水特性),滚动角在5.5°至大于90°之间变化(即黏附性可在大范围内调节).对在直径较小的微柱上成型数量较少的微锥体和微棱的表面,水滴形成全局非复合润湿状态,从而呈现高粘附特性(花瓣效应);对在直径较小的微柱上成型数量较多的微锥体和微棱的表面,水滴形成局部非复合润湿状态,呈现较高粘附特性;对呈现双级复合微结构或在直径较大的微柱上成型数量较多的微锥体和微棱的表面,水滴形成全局复合润湿状态,呈现较低粘附特性,其中微锥体及其间隙较小的表面呈现荷叶效应.The microstructures in the templates are replicated on the surfaces of large-sized polypropylene samples using microinjection-compression molding in one step. The surfaces molded via the two sieves with different meshes exhibit the dual-level microstructure,which consists of micro pyramids with high aspect ratio and micro ridges. The surfaces molded via four templates,which consist of the aforementioned two sieves stacked with punched plates with different hole diameters,exhibit the three-level microstructure. The threelevel microstructure consists of the uniformly distributed micro columns and the aforementioned dual-level microstructures on the top surfaces of the micro columns. All the six surfaces have the static contact angles of above 150°（ i. e.,exhibit superhydrophobicity） and the rolling angles of from 5. 5° to more than 90°（ i. e.,exhibit a wide range of manipulation for the adhesion）. For the surface having small-diameter micro columns and a few micro pyramids and micro ridges on their top surfaces,the water droplet forms a global non-composite state,thus high adhesion appears（ the petal effect）. For the surface having small-diameter micro columns and a number of micro pyramids and micro ridges on their top surfaces,the water droplet forms a localized noncomposite state,thus relatively high adhesion appears. For the surfaces having the dual-level microstructures or having large-diameter micro columns and a number of micro pyramids and micro ridges on their top surfaces,the water droplets form a global composite state,thus lower adhesion appears; especially,the surfaces having small-sized micro pyramids and narrower gaps between the micro pyramids exhibit low adhesion（ the lotus-leaf effect）.

关 键 词：微注射压缩成型 超疏水 黏附性 荷叶效应 花瓣效应 多层次结构 

分 类 号：O631.1[理学—高分子化学]