肾移植术后患者居家睡眠质量的现况调查  

Sleep quality of home-care patients after kidney transplantation

作　　者：林晓鸿[1] 周芬[1] 滕沙 彭晓[1] 张文馨[1] 刘红霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京市100102

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2015年第3期340-344,共5页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81171860)

摘　　要：目的了解肾移植术后患者居家睡眠质量的现状。方法采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI)调查240例门诊肾移植患者。结果肾移植患者PSQI总分为(5.89±3.39)分,显著高于常模。26.3%的患者PSQI得分>7,睡眠质量较差;25.4%的患者认为自己过去1个月的睡眠质量不好或非常差;29.2%患者每晚需要30min以上时间才能入睡。患者近1个月内出现频率最高的睡眠紊乱现象依次是睡眠中途起床上洗手间(85.0%)、睡眠中醒来或早醒(75.0%)、做噩梦(58.3%);将患者进行分组比较,结果显示,女性患者在睡眠潜伏期方面比男性差(P<0.05);年龄越大的患者在睡眠持续性和习惯性睡眠效率两个方面较年龄小者越差(P<0.05)。结论肾移植术后患者的居家睡眠质量低于正常成人,其中入睡困难和睡眠紊乱较多见,不同性别、年龄的患者睡眠质量存在差异。Objective To investigate the sleep quality of home-care patients after kidney transplantation. Methods Totally 240 kidney transplant recipients were investigated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI） and a general information questionnaire. Results The average PSQI score of 240 kidney transplant recipients was 5.89 ±3.39,which was significantly higher than the norm. 26.3% of recipients were classified as having poor sleep quality（global PSQI7）. 25.4% of patients thought their sleep quality was not good or very bad in the past month. 29.2%of patients needed more than 30 minutes to fall asleep every night. The most common reasons leading to sleep disturbance were going to the bathroom（85.0%）,nighttime awakening or wake up early in the morning（75.0%） and nightmare（58.3%）. The variables which decreased scores of sleep latency,sleep duration and sleep efficacy were female and older（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The sleep quality of home-care patients after kidney transplantation is worse than normal people. Trouble falling asleep and sleep disturbance are prevalent and going to the bathroom,nightmares,cough and snoring during the sleep are the most common causes leading to sleep disturbance. The influence factors of sleep quality are gender and age.

关 键 词：肾移植 手术后医护 入睡和睡眠障碍 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]