激光惯性约束聚变靶靶丸制备与表征  

Preparation and characterization of inertial confinement fusion capsules

作　　者：李波[1] 张占文[1] 何智兵[1] 高党忠[1] 陈素芬[1] 何小珊[1] 赵学森[1,2] 漆小波[1] 刘一杨[1] 王宗伟[1] 刘梅芳[1] 马小军[1] 孟婕[1] 冯建红[1] 苏琳[1] 陈永平 刘向东 李婧[1] 李洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心,四川绵阳621900 [2]哈尔滨工业大学精密工程研究所,哈尔滨150001 [3]扬州大学水利与能源动力工程学院,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2015年第3期186-203,共18页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院科学技术发展基金项目(2010A0302015;2011B0302058)

摘　　要：激光惯性约束聚变的核心思想是利用球形内爆技术对聚变燃料进行增压,使热核燃料达到高温、高密度的等离子体状态,进而实现聚变点火。基于对称压缩、流体界面不稳定性和实验诊断的考虑,ICF实验对作为热核燃料容器的空心微球的品质在球形度、壁厚均匀性、表面粗糙度以及掺杂水平等方面提出了严格的要求。为满足这些要求,陆续发展了乳液微封装技术、降解芯轴技术、低压等离子体聚合/掺杂技术、干凝胶玻璃微球制备技术等用于多层塑料微球和空心玻璃微球的研制。另一方面,针对ICF靶丸量小、质轻以及表面要求高的特点,发展了相应的非破坏性靶丸参数表征技术,如X光照相技术、4π形貌表征技术、微球掺杂水平测量技术以及微球内燃料负载水平快速测试技术。基于这些制备与表征技术,初步实现了多层塑料微球、玻璃微球、聚-!-甲基苯乙烯芯轴微球、梯度掺杂CH微球的研制,满足了"神光Ⅱ"、"神光Ⅲ原型"及"神光Ⅲ主机"上开展的一系列内爆物理实验的要求,同时为未来点火物理实验用靶丸的研制提供了技术支撑。The main point of inertial-confinement-fusion（ICF）lies on the concept that via capsule-based implosion fuel inside capsules can be pressured to high temperature,high density plasma to approach ignition.Capsules,taken as fuel containers and being related with hydrodynamic instability and compression symmetry during implosion,must meet some specifications on spherecity,wall-thickness,surface smoothness and doping level.In order to meet these specifications,a series of techniques are developed,such as microencapsulation technique,degradable mandrel technique and glow discharge polymerization method and dried gel method to prepare polymer capsules and hollow glass microspheres respectively.ICF capsules are relatively small,light,and fragile and possess smooth surfaces which are subject to deface,different techniques are developed to characterize the capsule profile,component,doping level and fuel density,such as contact X-ray radiography,wall-mapping technique and white light interferometry.These techniques make the preparation and characterization of ICF capsules,such as multilayer polymer capsules,hollow glass microspheres,poly-α-methyl styrene mandrel capsules and doped glow discharge polymerization capsules advance quickly in these years.These capsules succeed in implosion experiments held on＂SG ＂series facilities.

关 键 词：激光惯性约束聚变 靶丸 制备 参数表征 充气 

分 类 号：O53[理学—等离子体物理]