聚酯纤维微观形态结构与老化特性的关系  

Relationship between Microstructure and Aging Properties of Polyester Fibers

作　　者：易志文[1] 闫婷伟[1] 周贵强[2] 于剑平[2] 张玉梅[1] 王华平[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620 [2]中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司涤纶部,上海200540

出　　处：《合成纤维》2015年第1期12-18,共7页Synthetic Fiber in China

基　　金：中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究项目;中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司研究项目(30450034-13-ZC0613-0002)

摘　　要：通过力学性能测试研究了高强型聚酯工业丝(HT-PET)和聚酯全拉伸丝(FDY-PET)在人工加速老化条件下的性能变化,并通过特性黏度、红外光谱、广角X射线散射、小角X射线散射对纤维在老化过程中的分子和微观形态结构变化进行了表征。结果表明:在试验设定的人工加速老化条件下,FDYPET纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率都明显下降,沸水收缩率降低,而HT-PET纤维的力学性能没有显著变化。形态结构分析表明:两种纤维的端羧基含量相近,但在老化过程中,FDY-PET纤维的端羧基明显增多,特性黏度减小,晶区含量、微纤和片晶尺寸以及取向程度都发生显著变化,这是纤维力学性能变化的主要因素;而HT-PET纤维结构稳定,超分子结构和微观形态结构变化不明显,老化过程中只发生了少量无定形区的收缩,引起取向度有所下降,对纤维的力学性能影响不大。The aging properties of high strength polyester industrial fibers （HT-PET） and polyester full drawn fibers （FDY-PET） were studied by mechanical properties tests under artificial accelerated aging con- dilions. The microstructure and super-molecular structure were characterized by intrinsic viscosity, infra- red spectroscopic, wide angel X-ray scattering （WAXS） and small angel X-ray scattering （SAXS）. Results showed that the mechanical properties of FDY-PET fibers decreased significantly while those of HT-PET fibers remained unchanged during the same process. From the morphology and structure analysis on FDY- PET, it was founded that the content of carboxyl index was increased and intrinsic viscosity was decreased while the content of crystalline, micro-fibril, lamellae size and the degree of orientation were significantly changed, ttowever, the mechanical properties of HT-PET fibers with perfect super-molecular structure and micro-structure changed little, which showed that HT-PET had a better anti-aging properties than FDY- PET .

关 键 词：聚酯纤维 老化试验 力学性能 微观结构 

分 类 号：TQ342.2[化学工程—化纤工业]