木薯微滴灌溉对土壤理化性状与产量效应研究  

Effects of micro drip irrigation on physical and chemical properties of soil and yield of cassava

作　　者：樊吴静[1] 罗兴录[1,2] 单忠英[1] 韦仁川 吴海宁[1] 莫凡 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530005 [2]亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,南宁530004 [3]南宁市灌溉试验站,南宁530001

出　　处：《广西水利水电》2015年第1期30-34,共5页Guangxi Water Resources & Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：广科技攻关项目:木薯节水高效智能化微滴灌溉系统研究与示范(桂科攻1222014);广西水利厅科技项目:木薯高效节水灌溉技术研究与示范(201413);南宁市科技攻项目:木薯需水特性与节水灌溉技术研究与示范(20132307);高产优质木薯新品种选育及配套高产高效栽培技术示范推广(201109044B);国家自然科学基金重点项目:广西复合农林生态系统土壤侵蚀过程与预测(U1033004-09);国家现代农业产业体系广西薯类创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-03-11-2)

摘　　要：为探讨木薯微滴灌溉对土壤物理性状和产量效应,以木薯品种‘华南205’为试验材料,分别采用微滴灌溉、微喷灌溉和不灌溉3种灌溉方式,对土壤物理性状和木薯产量进行研究。研究结果表明:微滴灌溉可增加土壤含水量,改善土壤物理性状,促进土壤养分有效化,提高土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量,促进木薯生长,提高木薯产量。与对照相比,微滴灌溉处理的土壤含水量增加了14.4%,土壤孔隙度增加了29.7%,土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量分别增加了14.85%,137.62%和57.49%。株高和茎径分别增加了11.9%、18.4%,木薯块根产量增加了85.1%。由此可见,微滴灌溉是木薯一种高效节水的有效灌溉方法。In order to study the effects of micro drip irrigation on the physical and chemical properties of soil andyield of cassava,experiments were conducted with cassava cultivar of No. SC205 by three methods of micro drip ir-rigation,micro spray irrigation and non-irrigation. The results of experiments demonstrate that micro drip irrigationis able to increase the soil water content,improve the soil physical properties,promote soil nutrient availability,in-crease the soil available contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,promote cassava growth and increaseyield. Compared with the data of non-irrigation,micro drip irrigation may render increase of soil water content andporosity by 14.4% and 29.7%; increase of available contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium by 14.85%,137.62% and 57.49%; increase of plant height and stem diameter by 11.9% and 18.4%; increase of yield by 85.1%.Therefore,micro drip irrigation is an efficient,cost-saving and effective irrigation method.

关 键 词：木薯 微滴灌溉 土壤理化性状 养分有效化 产量 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S533[农业科学—农业工程]