一种用于生物气溶胶检测的微环境密闭舱室的研制  

Development of a micro-circumstance airtight cabin for bioaerosol testing

作　　者：李娜[1] 温占波[1] 杨文慧[1] 王洁[1] 胡凌飞[1] 张柯[1] 李劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所,病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室,国家生物防护装备工程技术中心,北京100071

出　　处：《军事医学》2015年第1期52-55,共4页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2009ZX10004-703)

摘　　要：目的研制一种具备气流控制和温湿度检测功能的微环境密闭舱室用于生物气溶胶检测研究。方法利用风速传感器、温湿度传感器、电动调节阀、管道高效过滤器和真空泵组成控制系统,解决气流流向控制、温度补偿技术、压力控制和气溶胶均匀分布技术。利用Fluent软件对该密闭舱室气溶胶浓度分布状况进行数值模拟,并测试不同位置的气溶胶浓度。结果该微环境密闭舱室由一个气密舱和一个控制柜组成,控制柜采用单片机控制,并为气密舱提供送风、排风和温湿度调控,设有单独排风模式和自循环送排风模式,且舱内保持着负压状态。数值模拟结果表明,在微环境密闭舱室内生成气溶胶5 min后,气溶胶粒子分布于整个舱室,底部气流可到达舱室上方,舱室内气溶胶浓度分布基本一致。结论该微环境密闭舱室以负压状态运行,能够避免生物气溶胶泄露,气溶胶浓度分布比较均匀,适用于进行生物气溶胶检测研究。Objective To develop a micro-circumstance airtight cabin for in the study of biological aerosols detection with such functions as airflow control and temperature and humidity detection.Methods Wind speed sensors,temperature and humidity sensors,electrical control valves,high efficiency filters and the vacuum pump formed the micro-circumstance regulating system.The techniques of airflow direction control,temperature compensation,air pressure control and aerosol uniformity distribution were used.Numerical simulation of aerosol concentration distribution in the airtight cabin was achieved using Fluent software.The bioaerosol concentration in different locations was tested by experiments.Results The micro-circumstance airtight cabin consisted of an airtight cabin and a control cabin.The control cabin used a single-chip microprocessor to provide air supply and exhaust air to the airtight cabin in a seaparate exhaust mode and cyclic ventilation mode.It worked under a negative pressure condition.Through numerical simulation,the aerosols were distributed throughout the cabin after five minutes of generation and the bottom airflow arrived at the top.The distribution of aerosol concentration was approximately uniform.Conclusion The micro-circumstance airtight cabin is suited to various bioaerosols testing research thanks to its negative pressure working without bioaerosol leakage.

关 键 词：生物气溶胶 微环境 密闭舱室 

分 类 号：R852.14[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]